Vegetable-Enriched Bread: Pilot and Feasibility Study of Measurement of Changes in Skin Carotenoid Concentrations by Reflection Spectroscopy as a Biomarker of Vegetable Intake

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aut.relation.journalFood Science and Nutrition
dc.contributor.authorAmoah, I
dc.contributor.authorCairncross, C
dc.contributor.authorRush, E
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-19T02:49:09Z
dc.date.available2023-06-19T02:49:09Z
dc.date.issued2023-03-22
dc.description.abstractGlobally, bread is a staple food and thus a promising vehicle for the delivery of nutrients from vegetables including carotenoids. The aim of this pilot/feasibility, pre–post experimental study was to measure skin (Veggie Meter™) and plasma carotenoid concentrations 1 week before (week −1), immediately prior to (week 0), and after (week 2) 14 days of daily consumption of 200 g pumpkin- and sweetcorn-enriched bread (VB). At each measurement point, total vegetable and fruit intake and specific carotenoid-rich foods were assessed by questionnaire. Participants (n = 10, 8 males, 2 females) were aged between 19 and 39 years and weighed 90 ± 20 kg. Vegetable and fruit intake was low and less than one serving/day of foods containing carotenoids. Prior to the intervention, measures of carotenoid-containing foods and skin or plasma carotenoids were not different when measured a week apart. Consumption of the VB did not result in statistically significant changes in either the skin or plasma carotenoid measurements. Plasma carotenoid concentrations and the carotenoid reflection scores had a large and positive (r =.845, 95% CI 0.697, 0.924) association. The relationship between the number of servings of carotenoid-rich foods with the plasma carotenoid and carotenoid reflection scores was positive and of moderate strength. In conclusion, carotenoid status was not measurably changed with the consumption of 200 g VB each day for 2 weeks. Subjective carotenoid-rich food intake was positively associated with objective biomarkers of carotenoids. The Veggie meter™ has the potential to provide portable measurement of circulating carotenoids and be indicative of intake of carotenoid-rich foods.
dc.identifier.citationFood Science and Nutrition, ISSN: 2048-7177 (Print); 2048-7177 (Online), Wiley. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3327
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/fsn3.3327
dc.identifier.issn2048-7177
dc.identifier.issn2048-7177
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/16288
dc.languageen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.urihttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fsn3.3327
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
dc.subject3210 Nutrition and Dietetics
dc.subjectPrevention
dc.subjectClinical Research
dc.subjectCardiovascular
dc.subject0908 Food Sciences
dc.subject1111 Nutrition and Dietetics
dc.subject3006 Food sciences
dc.subject3210 Nutrition and dietetics
dc.titleVegetable-Enriched Bread: Pilot and Feasibility Study of Measurement of Changes in Skin Carotenoid Concentrations by Reflection Spectroscopy as a Biomarker of Vegetable Intake
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id498348
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