Why Dolphins May Get Ulcers: Considering the Impacts of Cetacean-based Tourism in New Zealand

Abstract

The growth of tourism based upon cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) has been relatively recent—but spectacular. Thus, these marine mammals have now become valuable as a tourism resource. Accompanying this growth are concerns regarding the potential impacts on “target” species. In New Zealand, marine mammal tourism has grown rapidly and a variety of studies have shown that dolphins and whales are affected by these activities. However, these impacts vary greatly with the species, location, and type of tourism activity. Thus, these studies show, not surprisingly, that generic management regimes are seldom appropriate. It can be concluded from what has been learned in the New Zealand situation that sound management of marine mammal tourism must be based on solid research that provides information regarding the needs and sensitivities of specific species and particular locations. A conservative approach is essential given the difficulties in accurately assessing the long-term implications of this growing industry for cetaceans.