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Achieving Sustainability of e-Government Projects in Developing Nations
(ACIS, 2014) Dias, Malshika; Weerasinghe, Kasuni; Kodikara, Nihal; Ekanayaka, Yamaya
In the rapidly developing world governments are thriving to become efficient and effective in the ways of delivering services to their citizens. Developing countries are funded by various bodies/developed countries to implement successful e-government projects to serve this need. However, in Sri Lanka most of the completed e-government systems are not being used by the end users, thus e-government projects’ sustainability is a major concern. In this research we analyse four e-government projects; two successes and two failures to derive factors affecting the sustainability of a project. It was identified that approach, method of deployment and user involvement are the critical success factors for e-government sustainability. We acknowledge that the approach should be bottom-up, method should be incremental and it is important to interact with all the stakeholders in each phase. With this we derive a framework for sustainability of e-government projects.
Against All Odds: How A Government’s Open Source Software (OSS) Implementation Survived
(ACIS, 2014) Bahri, Shamshul; Jaafar, Noor Ismawati
In this study, we suggest factors that influence the survival of a government’s open source software (OSS) project. Specifically, we investigated the OSS implementation by the Malaysian government since 2002. The odds were stacked against the implementation when there was a change of leadership, strong pressure from the proprietary software vendors and the less-than-stellar track record of large-scale information technology implementation such as this. The theoretical lens of this study was the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) while the method used to identify the factors that influence the survival of the OSS project was the case study research. Our findings suggest that the survival of the project was strongly influenced by the network built by its human and non-human actors that led to the successful enrolment and translation of the implementation.
An Agent Based Approach for Effort Estimation in Production Support
(ACIS, 2014) Jha, Ashish Kumar; Puvvala, Abhinay; Mehta, Sanjit; Rai, Veerendra Kumar; Vin, Harrick Mayank
Estimating the effort required in resolving an incident for a production support engagement has been a long standing problem. Although, a lot of work has been done in software engineering field in estimating effort required for software development, there is no adequate body of work on production support effort estimation. Reliable effort estimates for handling each kind of incidents can have the benefits of planning the complete project engagement for many services firm which thrive on production support projects. In this paper we are presenting a framework for estimating mean effort required to resolve an incident. The simulation model is based on agent based modelling approach to capture the attributes and interaction of the agents. We have also tested the framework with few policy experiments to test the amount of effort required to resolve the incidents and its impact on SLA compliance. The model has been tested against real industry data and looks to fill a large gap in providing managers of the services firm with a reliable tool to conduct policy experiments and in turn better utilize the resources.
Alignment of information systems strategy with business strategy in an uncertain environment
(ACIS, 2014) Padukkage, Amitha; Toland, Janet; Hooper, Val
This research examines how to integrate information system (IS) with business by aligning IS strategy with business strategy. The existing literature postulates a variety of antecedents that can be used to achieve business-IT alignment. Yet, the question of how to accomplish alignment in an uncertain environment remains largely unanswered. In fact much of the research conducted in this regard has employed an approach, which examines the impact of antecedents on alignment. They fail to examine how environmental uncertainty affects the alignment and the capabilities of antecedents to achieve alignment in an uncertain environment. Hence, this research proposes a conceptual model to assess the way antecedents can contribute to aligning IS strategy with business strategy in an uncertain environment. The conceptual model will be validated through a survey of Sri Lankan organizations. Findings tied to this initiative will provide important contributions to both research and practice.
Analysis and Improvement of a Construction Permit Approval Process: A Teaching Case for Developing Business Process Development Capabilities, Targeting Developing Nations
(ACIS, 2014) Weerasinghe, Kasuni; Bandara, Wasana; Dharmasena, Thanuja; Kuruppubandara, Mahesha; Nawinna, Dasuni
With the increasing competitiveness in global markets, many developing nations are striving to constantly improve their services in search for the next competitive edge. As a result, the demand and need for Business Process Management (BPM) in these regions is seeing a rapid rise. Yet there exists a lack of professional expertise and knowledge to cater to that need. Therefore, the development of well-structured BPM training/ education programs has become an urgent requirement for these industries. Furthermore, the lack of textbooks or other self-educating material, that go beyond the basics of BPM, further ratifies the need for case based teaching and related cases that enable the next generation of professionals in these countries.
Analysis of Post-Crisis Twitter Communication: A Study of the Iquique, Chile Earthquake
(ACIS, 2014) Ahmed, Ashir; Sargent, Jason
This paper examines the use of Twitter as a communication tool during post–crisis phase of the Iquique Chile Earthquake in 2014. Key questions addressed in this paper include (a) who are the participants (senders and receivers) and (b) what are the communication tasks that are performed by the use of Twitter during post–crisis phase? Ahmed and Sinnappan’s (2013) framework is used as a foundation to conduct this study whereby five hundred Tweets spanning five days after the Iquique Earthquake were analysed. The findings of this research suggest the vast majority of Tweets sent during post-crisis phase were focused on sharing information and disseminating alerts and warnings related to aftershocks and subsequent tsunami. Moreover, the individual community members are key participants in the Twitter generated communication. It is anticipated that the findings of this paper will extend our understanding on the key participants and the communication tasks during post–crisis phase.
Analysis of Research in Adoption of Person-Centred Healthcare Systems: The Case of Online Personal Health Record
(ACIS, 2014) Najaftorkaman, Mohammadreza; Ghapanchi, Amir Hossein; Talaei-Khoei, Amir
Although the personal health record (PHR) has enormous potential to ameliorate both documentation of health-related information and care of individuals, it has not been adopted as originally expected. The purpose of this paper is to analyse research studies in PHR adoption and provide a comprehensive taxonomy of the factors affecting PHR adoption. We searched three categories of key terms across nine academic databases and identified an initial set of 7,468 research studies. We filtered papers on the basis of their title, abstract and full text (91 remaining papers) to have relevant PHR adoption research studies. Based on the conceptualisation of adoption factors in the 91 included papers, a list of factors that impacted on PHR adoption was identified and we categorised them into six main clusters. This review is a good starting point for researchers who are interested in adoption of PHR systems. Furthermore, it provides valuable information for healthcare practitioners and PHR system developers.
Applications of Social Media by Digital Natives in the Workplace: An Exploratory Study in Indonesia
(ACIS, 2014) Khoir, Safirotu; Davison, Robert M
With the rapid development of the Internet, social media applications have achieved near ubiquitous penetration of the personal and social lives of digital natives. Increasingly, we also see the use of social media for work purposes in professional life. In this research, we present preliminary findings into an investigation of how social media is used by digital natives in the work place in Indonesia. Drawing on data obtained from semi-structured interviews with eight Indonesian digital natives in various professional occupations and organisations, we identify both the social media applications used and their application contexts. We analyse the potential development of social media in the workplace and suggest how users can enhance work performance via social media applications. We also discuss the research implications before concluding the paper.
Appreciating, Measuring and Incentivising Discipline Diversity: Meaningful Indicators of Collaboration in Research
(ACIS, 2014) Hasan, Helen; Dawson, Linda
Inter-disciplinary collaborative research is generally believed to lead to innovative outcomes in areas that may be missed in research studies based in a single discipline. However, currently available research performance indicators, based on scholarly peer-reviewed publications and citations from a single discipline, do little to recognise the merits of collaborative and inter-disciplinary research. This paper presents an empirical study of members of a research unit and their publication and grant profiles. From analysis of this data a set of profile categories emerged together with the relevant indicators which provide a framework from which a deeper understanding of how different research behaviours contribute to the differences in researchers’ individual profiles. These profiles could be used to provide a richer environment for the evaluation of research performance, both in terms of outputs and potential funding opportunities, and indicators of ‘good research’ in inter-disciplinary projects.
Archival Analysis of Service Desk Research: New Perspectives on Design and Delivery
(ACIS, 2014) Rahman, Md Istehadur; Eden, Rebekah; Alarifi, Abdulrahman Hamad E; Sedera, Darshana
Our analysis of service desk studies shows the extent to which researchers have neglected important aspects of service desk design and delivery. The observations are made through an archival analysis of 58 peer reviewed publications in top tier outlets. Our analysis led to the development of a generic framework which identified three themes in service desk design – (1) user groups, (2) support models, and (3) technology types – and two themes in service desk delivery – (1) direction of delivery, and (2) executive support level. This paper makes a twofold contribution to service desk research. First, it provides an understanding of service desk functions and the challenges faced by organisations in delivering those functions. Second, it identifies established and emerging areas in the service desk field. This archival analysis is the first attempt to systematically analyse the service desk literature.
Are Social Networks on the Verge of a Decline?
(ACIS, 2014) Krotov, Vlad; Sahoo, Hind
Social media and social networks are probably at the peak of their popularity. Issues surrounding social media are covered extensively by the popular press and are the subject of numerous academic studies. With all this hype in the popular and academic press, investors are pouring billions into the companies behind the popular social media websites. This drives the price of social media stocks relative to their earnings above the level of well-established, profitable technology companies. The hype, together with unrealistic financial expectations could turn out to be a sign of a nearing decline in popularity of social networks. This decline in popularity may be especially problematic for social networking sites that do not offer to their users much value beyond networking capabilities. Companies engaging in social media efforts should anticipate a possible decline in the popularity of social networks and focus on delivering real value to their audiences via social networks.
Barriers to Knowledge Sharing in ICT Project Environments
(ACIS, 2014) Karagoz, Yakub; Korthaus, Axel; Augar, Naomi
Project management supports much of the economic activity in various industries. Across the public sector, effective management of projects transforms taxpayer funds into new schools, hospitals, roads, construction and technology. However, numerous, particularly ICT-enabled, public sector projects fail to succeed as is reflected by ongoing public discourse and negative perceptions. The aim of this research-in-progress paper is to increase our understanding of what constitutes success in these environments and how it can be facilitated. To this end, a methodical literature review is conducted to survey traditional and modern views of critical success factors. Secondly, the role of knowledge management in project management is analysed with an emphasis on knowledge sharing. Based on the findings, we hypothesise that barriers to knowledge sharing contribute to poor performance of some public sector ICT projects and develop a conceptual framework for a proposed research study to address this problem.
The beast trilogy: an evolving experiment in fashion ideation
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Splawa-Neyman, Tania; Wilde, Danielle; Mitford Ha, Winnie; Lacey, Jordan
Masses of leathery membranes, wild furs and etched bones. Intangible caresses of bodily fields. Sonic skins stretching on expanded skeletal structures. Answers to the question: What does The Beast unleash? This question, when posed as a series of provocations, acts as catalyst within a setting in which practitioners as pedagogues set the conditions for beastly emergence. As a conceptual device, The Beast realizes unthought potential by forcing interactions with the unfamiliar. When The Beast is channelled through the medium of unyielding materials, an unconventionally framed body, or unidentified sound, the setting for inevitable altercations is established. The Beast does not submit easily. It intimidates, fights and retaliates in response to the practitioners’ grappling and desire to easily know. The process enables a shift from familiar actions, thoughts and processes to states of “unknowing” and affords new, unexpected and surprising outcomes. The asking of “what is beastly?” further coaxes The Beast and moves seeking beyond physical realms. Within the individual, the qualities of “beast” and “the beastly” invoke curiosity and discomfort through searching made internalized. In this circumstance unfamiliarity emerges and the hunter becomes the hunted. Framed within the context of fashion practice; centred around the “body” and “the bodily” and inherently expressed through making: how do we contend with these emergent beastly qualities? Can they be tamed or do they tame us? Investigations are led by moving, making, and through the expanded practice of listening. As a framework for expanding possibilities of practice, The Beast was tested within a series of undergraduate fashion design studios. Through the outcomes emanating from the trilogy of studios, this paper examines The Beast as an innovative tool for fashion ideation. As an enigma defying definition, The Beast pushes to unpack unknown imaginings, blur disciplinary boundaries and irreversibly reshape practice.
Benefit Planning Management for ITSM: Evaluating Benefit Realization Frameworks
(ACIS, 2014) Mcloughlin, Stuart; Scheepers, Helana; Wijesinghe, Ravinda
The popularity of ITSM frameworks such as ITIL is indicative of the perception amongst practitioners that there are key benefits to be derived, at both the organizational level and the functional level. Various studies indicate that a comprehensive benefits realization model is required to ensure that organizations maximize benefits of ITSM projects. Although there is a call for more research in this area, very few ITSM related studies explore such benefits realization models with any level of detail. This paper is a conceptual study that reviews the literature on benefits realization models and applies and adapts prior learning from the Enterprise System, Enterprise Resource Planning literature and the general Information Systems literature on Benefit Realization Management to inform the research and practice in the ITSM field. We posit that, based on the unique characteristics of ITSM that the most likely benefits realization model that should be explored in an ITSM context is the Cranfield Process Model of Benefits Management.
Beyond the Game: Issues with Social Media and Sporting Events
(ACIS, 2014) Halliwell, Matthew; Freeman, Mark
Society today is being transformed through the use of Social Media. While the resulting changes are typically marketed as having positive benefits on society, there is a negative side to Social Networking platform usage. This paper considers the case of Social Networking use for a perceived sports betting incident at Super Bowl XLVIII with boxer Floyd Mayweather, to demonstrate the modified experience during the sporting event for some users as a result of Social Networking. Analysis of the broadcast of negative sentiments associated with inappropriate use and misinformation demonstrates how Social Networking allows opinions and ideas to be spread on a global scale. This paper further illustrates how rumour can lead to ramifications beyond the Social Networking platform. Analysis is conducted through a theoretical framework that reflects the presence of individual users and identifies their behaviour as active participants in the information exchange process.
Boundary Objects and Change in Agile Projects
(ACIS, 2014) Zaitsev, Anna; Gal, Uri; Tan, Barney
Agile software development projects utilise different boundary objects in volatile and dynamic project environment. This environment subjects the boundary objects to constant change. The behaviour of boundary objects has not been observed in Agile environment and is thus not well understood. Lack of comprehension can lead to misemployment of boundary objects. This Research-in-Progress describes a case study of a project where two organisations are collaborating to create a software product using Agile methods. The study identifies three different types of boundary objects: temporary, evolutionary and mediating boundary objects. The importance of these three object types to the Agile project is discussed.
Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD) practices in SMEs in Developing Countries – The Case of Tanzania
(ACIS, 2014) Kabanda, Salah; Brown, Irwin
BYOD is a practice that is manifest in most organizations; however few studies have looked at this phenomenon from a developing country perspective. This study reports on BYOD practices exhibited in Tanzanian SMEs. The paper follows a qualitative approach in which interviews and observation were the key data collection methods. The findings show that Tanzanian SMEs interpret BYOD as the use of a personal device to meet organizational needs regardless of whether the organizational network is being accessed or not. This was as a result of such SMEs not having ICT network infrastructure and resources. BYOD has been adopted by SMEs as a means of bypassing the investment required in organisational ICT resources. There was also a neglect of policy formulation for BYOD from SME management which posed a problem as employees became despondent that their personal devices were being used without due consideration to personal costs.
Business model innovation: a temporal perspective
(ACIS, 2014) O Riordan, Niamh; O'Reilly, Philip; Duane, Aidan; Andreev, Pavel
Recent years have seen an explosion in the number of academic and practitioner-oriented publications on business models and business model innovation. Indeed, companies that traditionally focused on product and service innovation, are turning toward business model innovation as an alternative or complement to product or process innovation. Nevertheless, companies struggle to innovate the business models through which commercialisable new ideas and technologies will pass. At the same time, the literature remains skewed toward product and process innovation rather than business model innovation. This paper highlights the need for a temporal view of the business model innovation process and proposes a conceptual model of the business model innovation process to enable organisations to identify, model and prioritise potential business models. It also develops a prioritisation framework to be used for ranking alternative business models and to form part of an IT-based business model decision support system.
Can Twitter Enhance Food Resilience?: Exploring Community Use of Twitter using Communicative Ecology
(ACIS, 2014) Ardianto, Danny; Aarons, Jeremy; Burstein, Frada
Food resilience - providing affordable access to a nutritionally balanced food supply - is a major sustainability challenge for growing urban populations worldwide, particularly in the developing world. This paper reports the use of Twitter for building urban food resilience through a case study of an urban agriculture community in Indonesia. A rule-guided qualitative content analysis is used to interpret meaning from digital text data and to bring methodological strength of quantitative analysis. In this study, communicative ecology theory is used to frame our understanding of the emerging themes in terms of topic of tweets, intention of tweets, and parties involved in the communication. We found that support for participation in urban agriculture is the most dominant content of communication and extending reach is the common intention of tweets while internal community networks are the most visible parties involved.
Can we improve participation in university course surveys using mobile tools? A practical experiment
(ACIS, 2014) Parsons, David; Rees, Malcolm
Student course surveys provide an important feedback mechanism for universities. However the quality of this feedback depends largely on the level of participation. New technologies have enabled course surveys to evolve from written paper-based tools to web-based and mobile channels, but using these channels does not necessarily lead to better response rates. This paper discusses the results of a survey designed and administered at Massey University, New Zealand, to gain insights into students’ attitudes towards course surveys and factors that might impact on their participation. The survey also explored the potential interest in mobile channels for providing course feedback. The responses to this survey informed a pilot study that tested a mobile course survey tool. The results of our experiment suggest that, whilst a mobile channel may lead to improved participation, more significant results would depend on its integration into a broader set of strategies and tools for student engagement.

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