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Industry Challenges and Policy Barriers in Adoption of Mobile Value Added Services in Remote Islands: The Case of Fiji
(ACIS, 2014) Sathye, Milind; Prasad, Biman; Sharma, Dharmendra; Sharma, Parmendra; Sathye, Suneeta
While mobile phones are making significant inroads in many developing countries, little remains known about the policy and infrastructure constraints that affect their use for growth of micro enterprises. We address this gap in the literature. The uniqueness of our study also lies in the focus on women micro entrepreneurs in a remote Pacific island country. To obtain both the demand-side and supply-side perspectives, we conducted semi-structured interviews of 74 women micro entrepreneurs and ten key informants from the Fijian Government, mobile network operators (MNOs), and financial institutions. We found that appropriate policy framework, supporting infrastructure and appropriate ecosystem are required for rapid uptake of mobile value added services by women owned micro enterprises in Fiji. A significant number of women micro entrepreneurs were willing to embrace mobile value added services if these were made available with adequate security and at reasonable cost.
Integrated Modelling of Business Process Models and Business Rules: A Research Agenda
(ACIS, 2014) Wang, Wei; Indulska, Marta; Sadiq, Shazia
Process models are the basis for a wide range of critical activities within an organisation. It is not surprising then that process models, and the act of process modelling, have been the focus of much research over the last two decades. Recent research indicates, however, that common process modelling notations lack sufficient representation for capturing business rules. Although the need for business processes and business rules to be modelled in an integrated manner is well established, the body of knowledge on integrated modelling of the two is limited. In this paper our aim is to review the state of related research and develop a research agenda, based on a systematic review of related literature, to advance research in this field. We present a consolidated view of the benefits of rule and process model integration, together with an overview of current related approaches, and a research agenda going forward.
Can Twitter Enhance Food Resilience?: Exploring Community Use of Twitter using Communicative Ecology
(ACIS, 2014) Ardianto, Danny; Aarons, Jeremy; Burstein, Frada
Food resilience - providing affordable access to a nutritionally balanced food supply - is a major sustainability challenge for growing urban populations worldwide, particularly in the developing world. This paper reports the use of Twitter for building urban food resilience through a case study of an urban agriculture community in Indonesia. A rule-guided qualitative content analysis is used to interpret meaning from digital text data and to bring methodological strength of quantitative analysis. In this study, communicative ecology theory is used to frame our understanding of the emerging themes in terms of topic of tweets, intention of tweets, and parties involved in the communication. We found that support for participation in urban agriculture is the most dominant content of communication and extending reach is the common intention of tweets while internal community networks are the most visible parties involved.
The practitioner view of the top 10 key issues in Business Intelligence – 2014
(ACIS, 2014) O'Donnell, Peter; Sipsma, Sophie; Watt, Carolyn
This paper presents the top 10 key issues currently faced by Business Intelligence practitioners in Australia. The issues presented were obtained from a series of nominal group technique based meetings held in major Australian cities in late 2013. The meetings involving BI practitioners were designed to elicit their most important BI challenges. “User engagement” is currently the major issue being faced by practitioners. Interestingly, while the topic of “analytics” features in the list, it is not a major concern for practitioners in the field. The list of issues provides an insight into the work performed by BI practitioners that can be used to define a research agenda that is relevant to their needs.
Intention of Sharing Travel Experiences on Social Media: Motivations and the Moderating Effect of Face Orientation
(ACIS, 2014) Wang, Xiaorong; Li, Xinyu; Li, Qi; Peng, Lifang
As the application of social media in tourism growing rapidly, shared information on social media is recognized as an important information source for both tourism suppliers and potential tourists. This study constructs a conceptual framework why tourists share their travel experiences on social media based on the theory of reasoned action and the self-determination theory, and tests four conceptual foundations in the framework: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and face orientation which contains protective face and acquisitive face. Data were collected through an online survey and the research model was tested with 353 respondents who were social media users. The results indicate that protective face was observed to negatively moderate the relationship between both intrinsic as well as extrinsic motivations and sharing intention respectively, while the moderating effect of acquisitive face is significant on neither. Our findings extend prior literature, and offer a theoretic guidance to tourism industry on how to improve business through social media.
A Generalized Threat Taxonomy for Cloud Computing
(ACIS, 2014) Ahmed, Monjur; Litchfield, Alan T; Ahmed, Shakil
This paper presents a genre-based, generalized threat taxonomy for cloud computing. Cloud computing provides numerous possibilities and challenges but the nature of cloud computing exposes the resources of a cloud architecture to a wide range of threats. Presently, many potential threats, represented as security concerns, are known in a general sense but they are not classified specifically in relation to cloud services delivery. Therefore security concerns need identification and assessment and presented in a consistent and hierarchical form. We posit that to approach the issue in this way allows for more effective enforcement and therefore better resilience in a cloud architecture. We further posit that failure to effectively identify threats will lead to lower levels of trust, effectiveness and performance. The generalized threat taxonomy provides researchers with a framework through which risk factors and threats may be identified; and related against an overall picture of threat patterns.
The Research on Characteristics of E-Commerce Enterprises’ Knowledge Workers and Their Motivating Factors
(ACIS, 2014) Zhan, Hong; Peng, Lifang; Ma, Yuanyuan; Lin, Jianhuang
With the development of the Internet,e-commerce enterprises spring up like the mushrooms.To a large extent, it depends on the knowledge workers who possess the three knowledge management systems——IT technology, network management technology and industry.The current study surveyed major studies on the characteristics of and motivating factors for e-commerce enterprises’ knowledge workers, both in the USA and in China. Comparisons were made between studies in the two countries, and new perspectives were offered on the motivating factors for knowledge workers. Future research directions were proposed.
Conceptualisation of Digital Traces for the Identification of Informal Networks in Enterprise Social Networks
(ACIS, 2014) Behrendt, Sebastian; Richter, Alexander; Riemer, Kai
Organisations can be understood as organisms exhibiting a formal structure formalised by the “org chart”, and informal structures of emerging networks between employees. The increasing use of Enterprise Social Networks (ESN) provides mangers and researchers with new opportunities to uncover formal and informal structures. Yet, it remains underexplored what exactly constitutes relationship structures in ESN. We employ the notion of ‘digital traces’, stored as user-generated data on the ESN and set out to explore ways for conceptualising relations as the basis for network constitution and visualisation. We illustrate our approach with a case study of an ESN and demonstrate how resulting networks vary significantly depending on the digital traces employed.
Healthy Community and Healthy Commons: ‘Opensourcing’ as a Sustainable Model of Software Production
(ACIS, 2014) Naparat, Damrongsak; Cahalane, Michael; Finnegan, Patrick
Many commercial software firms rely on opensourcing as a viable model of software production. Opensourcing is a specific form of interaction between firms and open source software (OSS) communities for collaboratively producing software. The existing literature has identified opensourcing as a viable form of software production, which could be a substitute for “in-house” or “outsourced” software development. However, little is known about how opensourcing works or is sustained in the long term. The objective of this research is to explain the factors affecting the sustainability of opensourcing as a model of software production. The study employs a single case study of hospital software in Thailand to understand how firms and the communities can live symbiotically and sustain their collaboration to peer-produce vertical domain software. The analysis reveals six mechanisms (positive experience, trust in the leadership of the project leader, the demonstration of reciprocity, marketing the community, enriching knowledge, and face-to-face meetings) and demonstrates how they operate in conjunction with each other to sustain opensourcing.
Long Distance Calling? Spatial Preference Patterns in Enterprise Microblogging in the Retail Industry
(ACIS, 2014) Lekse, Dominik; Recker, Jan
We examine enterprise social network usage data obtained from a community of store managers in a leading Australian retail organization, over a period of fifteen months. Our interest in examining this data is in spatial preferences by the network users, that is, to ascertain who is communicating with whom and where. We offer several contrasting theoretical perspectives for spatial preference patterns and examine these against data collected from over 12,000 messages exchanged between 530 managers in 897 stores. Our findings show that interactions can generally be characterized by individual preferences for local communication but also that two different user communities exist – locals and globals. We develop empirical profiles for these social network user communities and outline implications for theories on spatial influences on communication behaviours on enterprise social networks.
Transformation: the conjunction of crafted process and the brain as memory repository
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Little, Marlene
Acknowledging Otto Von Busch’s work, “Shapeshifting can be considered a capacity or potential of sentient beings, a capability of organisms to auto-transformations, as responsive agency to their settings.” Fusing textiles and photography, this paper considers the contribution a practice-based, conceptual approach to textiles can make to the exploration and visualization of the morphing of memory and, in the process, considers the transformative, “shapeshifting” powers at work within the human brain. A cluster of diagnostic descriptors (including vascular cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) provide reference points for causal factors and anticipated transformative outcomes associated with changes in brain function. This paper explores new territory with its linking of this “wearing” or “abrading” of memory to analogue photographic materiality and the understated significance of textile substrates or objects. All share varying degrees of disappearance or transformation: from the “gaps” that appear in recall; the physicality of the unravelling thread and thinning construction of the worn textile substrate; the “invisible” ubiquity of textiles: and the creased, faded, well-handled materiality of the analogue family snapshot or studio portrait (now increasingly supplanted by digital files). The repositioning and revaluing of a return to craft, to labour intensive, accumulative practices, play their part in this evolving narrative of creative practice. The paradigmatic shift can be expressed through the conjunction of image and substrate; process and outcome – constructing, re-imaging, unpicking, re-forming, transforming and revealing – a transformation that calls upon this twinning of concept and substrate, craft and process to explore the universal human concern of the morphing of memory housed within the shapeshifting repository of the human brain.
Towards An Agriculture Information Ecosystem
(ACIS, 2014) De Silva, Lasanthi; Goonetillake, Jeevani; Wikramanayake, Gihan; Ginige, Athula
Stakeholders of a domain in their day today activities generate information which is a valuable resource. To obtain full value of this information it should reach right people at the right time. To investigate how this can be achieved we developed an information flow model for agriculture domain by mapping information needed by stakeholders to information generated by others using set of aggregation and disaggregation operators. We found majority of information needs of stakeholders can be fulfilled by applying these operators to information produced by some other stakeholders thus creating a direct benefit to encourage sharing information. This information flow model had many similarities to biological ecosystems where nutrient cycles and energy flows are replaced by information flows. Based on this information ecosystem model we are developing a mobile based information system for farmers in Sri Lanka. Like biological ecosystems information ecosystems will also need time to grow and become sustainable.
The impact of dynamic locking on collaborative programming
(ACIS, 2014) Shatte, Adrian; Holdsworth, Jason; Lee, Ickjai
The parallel strategy of collaborative writing is commonly used by academia and industry. However, the nature of this approach may not scale to other genres of collaboration including collaborative programming. In this paper, we present a web-based prototype that supports parallel programming with the use of dynamic locking, and evaluate its scalability and system usability. Our results suggest there are benefits to our approach, and we discuss the implications and future directions for research.
IT alignment in SMEs: should it be with strategy or process?
(ACIS, 2014) Cataldo, Alejandro; McQueen, Robert
For many years researchers have been concerned about the alignment of Information Technology (IT) in businesses. Most of the published research has been focused on understanding the alignment of IT with strategy, but a more recent view is that IT alignment with processes would be better, especially for SMEs. This research presents the two different approaches to measuring IT alignment, then uses the case of a small dental clinic to contribute to understanding these two alternative approaches. The results showed that both strategic alignment and process alignment were important, but strategic guidelines set the framework for the use of IT in the processes. These results contradict the claims of researchers who defend the process approach. This work has implications for practitioners because it again highlights the importance of IT in a strategic context in SMEs. This research also contributes to the theory of IT alignment in SMEs, and we hope this will encourage other researchers to study which approach is best suited for this type of business.
Frozen waves: exploring the transformation between sound and object
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) van Melle, Gerbrand; Marks, Stefan
In the project Frozen Waves, audio recordings are translated into physical objects and vice versa. Time is temporarily captured in space – space is released back into time. In doing so, the potential of visual music (Friedlander, 1998) and second order cybernetics (Von Foerster, 1975; Glanville, 2004) are used to develop a new experience that synthesizes sound and visual components into dynamic material form. In this “aesthetically potent environment” (Pask, 1969, p. 76), the research engages with digital ontology, sound visualization, sampling methods, and generative design practice. Similar works are Studio Realität (2008), Fischer (2010), Azzaro (2013), Paul (2012), and Ghassaei (2012). The idea explored in this project is that objects are continuously changing processes in time. Through consecutive iterations of sound recordings, sound spectrum analysis, parametric 3D model creation, and materializing methods such as 3D printing, temporary physical representations of the acoustic world around the observer surface and are recomposed. These objects can, in turn, be immaterialized back to sounds that they were generated from, albeit in a form that is modified and shaped by their transformation process. Emerging design work implies a semiotic polyvalence that is realized through a process of techno-transformative and generative methods. As such new patterns are created, comprising single parts that are restructured into rhythmic patterns. The individual samples do not act as quotes; instead they operate as generative material for systemic combination. This project aims to act as a Front End creative inquiry (Sanders & Stappers, 2012) and its purpose is to trigger the audience to consider the potentials of sound as a form of unique, material user experience.
Towards Conceptualizing Information Transparency and its Role in Internet Consumers' Concerns: A Literature Review
(ACIS, 2014) Cheah, Sin Mei; Dewan, Saif
In recent years, calls for a safer online shopping environment are growing louder. Empirical studies on consumers’ expectations of ethical e-commerce practices have found that the top concerns among e-shoppers revolved around security of transactions, privacy protection of personal data, deception and reliability issues. Consumer generally desire richer and truthful information to make purchase decisions. By addressing the information needs of consumers, transparency presents itself as a promising concept for firms to leverage towards strategizing its role in ethical practices. This paper revisits the consumer-perceived ethical issues in e-commerce literature, presents the disclosure paradox faced by e-seller firms, reviews the various conceptualizations of transparency in multidisciplinary literature and suggests extending the transparency strategy to map to consumers’ informational needs and concerns.
Interdependencies and IS programme coordination and control
(ACIS, 2014) Khan, Muhammad Rasheed; Fernández, Walter D; Jiang, James J
Programme management has been historically employed as preferred means for design, development and implementation of large, complex Information Systems (IS). An oft cited rationale of programme management is coordination across multiple projects and related operational activities. Coordination is an information exchange activity that allows stakeholders to gain control over interdependent programme activities. While coordination and control have been examined separately in IS project management context, there is a need to understand the process of their interplay. An important concept that links coordination and control is dependencies among programme actors, tasks and resources. We suggest a field study based exploration of dependencies in IS programmes that is expected to explain the process of coordination and control in IS programme and in doing so we can extend the coordination theory.
Healthcare Social Question Answering: Concept Mapping and Cluster Analysis based on Graph Theory
(ACIS, 2014) Blooma, Mohan John; Huy, Tran Duc; Wickramasinghe, Nilmini
Healthcare Social Question Answering (SQA) services are dedicated platforms for users to freely ask questions regarding their health related concerns and respond to or rate other users’ questions. To have a deeper insight into harnessing the rich data collected in healthcare SQA services, this study aims to investigate the concepts discussed using the intricate web of social relationships among questions, answers, associated askers and answerers by applying graph theory, concept mapping and cluster analysis. We collected 4212 question from Drugs.com, one of the popular healthcare SQA services to visualise concepts using Leximancer and cluster similar questions using quadripartite graph-based cluster analysis. The findings demonstrate the openness demonstrated by users on their weight, sleep and drug related questions. The cluster analysis revealed the possibility of applying graph theory to identify similar questions.
S.A.R.A.: synesthetic augmented reality application
(Textile and Design Lab and Colab at Auckland University of Technology, 2014) Benitez, Margarita; Vogl, Markus
S.A.R.A. (synesthetic augmented reality application) is an App exploring the potential of using a mobile device as a unique and wearable musical interface. S.A.R.A. was originally developed as a standalone App to translate the surrounding environment into sounds on mobile devices (iPhone and Android), creating a digitally augmented synesthetic experience. The imagery captured via the mobile device’s onboard camera is translated into synesthetic-inspired sounds. Our interests in developing this project stemmed from the desire to explore the following research questions. Can technology be used to create a synesthetic augmented reality? What sonochromatic sound mapping should be used? Do we allow for a variety of mapping choices? Should a visual element be used as well? While investigating these research veins it led us to the realization that the S.A.R.A. App and interface would be best explored in a performance setting, therefore we arranged to collaborate with a local dance troupe that agreed to utilize S.A.R.A. as part of their repertoire. The performance version of the S.A.R.A. App is a fully interactive App that generates both its own sounds and visuals based on the camera video input and the movement of the device. The mobile device is complemented by a pico laser and mounted in a sleeve worn by each of the four dancers. S.A.R.A. becomes an extension of the dancer’s arm and allows for natural movement to occur. The role of the performers is also augmented as they are now gatekeepers of what sounds are made, as well as what images are projected, by deciding what live imagery and angles look most appealing to rebroadcast. Performers can choose to project images on themselves, their coperformers, or on to the architectural structures of the venue. This format allows for a completely new interaction with wearable technology; augmenting and mediating their performance via several technological input and output mechanisms while still maintaining choreography, as well as allowing for subjective choices during the performance. The performance setting brought up additional questions. How wearable can these devices be made in their current configuration? What is the best placement on the body for these devices that does not impede movement but allows for maximum control of the App? What does it mean when one performer wears a device like this? Multiple performers? Does wearing this device change the role or mechanism of the performer? Does the lighting need to be thought out differently for the stage and the performers? Should additional light be placed on the dancers if they can’t be lit in traditional methods? Can other dance troupes benefit from the technology? During various beta performances it became obvious that the lighting source needed to be on the performers’ bodies rather than from an external source. In response we are creating custom LED to provide a light source for the camera to pick up imagery more effectively. The LEDs were integrated into a neck cowl and the rest of the costume is designed in white to easily provide a surface to project on. Although within a set choreography, the performer’s role changes as their body’s interactions directly produce sounds. The Human Computer Interaction between the dancers and the technology as an extension of their bodies creates an altered/mediated/mitigated performance environment that is always unique to the specific performance venue. S.A.R.A. is not only an interface and an interactive software application for consumption, play, discovery and joy, but is also a jump off point for a larger discussion on transformational strategies in regards to both S.A.R.A. as a wearable musical/performance interface but additionally in the Open Source distribution of S.A.R.A. as a tool. The technology will be released open source and it is potentially possible to custom craft new versions for every performance or for other dance troupes to adapt the technology with their artistic vision. Creating the App for an existing platform device such as an iPod touch and utilizing a relatively inexpensive laser pico projector (less than $500), S.A.R.A. can be added relatively simply and cheaply as a versatile tool to their technology performance toolkit. Therefore the artwork we created provides a new tool set for other artists.
Collaborative IT Outsourcing in the Public Sector: A Case Analysis of Standard Business Reporting in Australia
(ACIS, 2014) Sun, Ruonan; Gregor, Shirley; Keating, Byron
This study provides a case analysis of a successful collaborative information technology outsourcing arrangement in a public sector setting. An endogenous framework depicting four key factors (motivation, decision-making, outcomes, and relationship management) was developed and used to examine a collaboration between the Australian Government (Treasury and Taxation Office) and Fujitsu to develop Australia’s Standard Business Reporting infrastructure. Document analysis and interviews with business and technical executives of both parties provided insights that highlight a shift from cost-focused outsourcing initiatives toward more mutually beneficial partnerships focused on co-created value.

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