The Incidence, Cost, and Burden of Concussion in Women's Rugby League and Rugby Union: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis

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aut.relation.journalSports Meden_NZ
aut.researcherHume, Patria
dc.contributor.authorKing, DAen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHume, PAen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHind, Ken_NZ
dc.contributor.authorClark, TNen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHardaker, Nen_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-07T22:30:26Z
dc.date.available2022-02-07T22:30:26Z
dc.date.copyright2022-02-03en_NZ
dc.date.issued2022-02-03en_NZ
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: The extent of concussion injury in the rugby codes for women is unclear. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to review all published studies reporting concussion injuries from match and training participation in rugby codes and report the pooled data estimates for rugby league and union concussion injury epidemiology. METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature analysis of concussion in rugby league and rugby union for published studies from January 1990 to July 2021. Data from 16 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were extracted for women's concussion injuries and were subsequently pooled. Costs from Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) data were attributed to the results to provide cost estimates. RESULTS: The pooled analysis match injury incidence of women's concussion was higher for rugby league (10.3 per 1000 match hours) than rugby 15 s (2.8 per 1000 match hours) or rugby 7 s (8.9 per 1000 match hours). There was a fourfold difference in the pooled incidence of concussion in women's rugby league (risk ratio [RR] 4.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8-11.3]; p = 0.0001) when compared with rugby 15 s. There was also a ninefold higher risk of a concussion during match participation compared with training participation for women's rugby 15 s (RR 9.3, 95% CI 1.29-66.78; p = 0.0070). The total estimated costs for the concussions reported were NZ$1,235,101. For rugby 7 s, the pooled concussive injury burden was 33.2 days. CONCLUSIONS: Our pooled analysis clarified the extent of concussion injury and the possible associated costs at several levels of the game for women's rugby codes. The pooled mean days lost because of concussions was 33 days. As this was considerably longer than the 7- to 10-day expected timeframe outlined in the Concussion in Sport Consensus statement, these guidelines need to be updated to include sex-specific differences.en_NZ
dc.identifier.citationSports Medicine (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01645-8
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s40279-022-01645-8en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn1179-2035en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/14885
dc.languageengen_NZ
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.urihttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-022-01645-8
dc.rights© The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attri bution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adapta tion, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.titleThe Incidence, Cost, and Burden of Concussion in Women's Rugby League and Rugby Union: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysisen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id448467
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/DVC-Research Group
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/DVC-Research Group/AUT Research Office
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation/Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation/Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand/Sports Kinesiology Injury Prevention & Performance Research Group
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences/HS Sports & Recreation 2018 PBRF
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/zAcademic Progression
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/zAcademic Progression/Professor
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/zAcademic Progression/Professor/AP - Prof - Health and Environmental Sciences
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