Sulfide Assimilation of the Ectosymbionts on the Sessile Ciliate, Zoothamnium niveum

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aut.relation.issue4en_NZ
aut.relation.journalMarine Biologyen_NZ
aut.relation.volume156en_NZ
dc.contributor.authorRøy, Hen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorVopel, Ken_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHuettel, Men_NZ
dc.contributor.authorJørgensen, BBen_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-29T03:53:20Z
dc.date.available2021-07-29T03:53:20Z
dc.date.copyright2009en_NZ
dc.date.issued2009en_NZ
dc.description.abstractWe investigated the constraints on sulfide uptake by bacterial ectosymbionts on the marine peritrich ciliate Zoothamnium niveum by a combination of experimental and numerical methods. Protists with symbionts were collected on large blocks of mangrove-peat. The blocks were placed in a flow cell with flow adjusted to in situ velocity. The water motion around the colonies was then characterized by particle tracking velocimetry. This shows that the feather-shaped colony of Z. niveum generates a unidirectional flow of seawater through the colony with no recirculation. The source of the feeding current was the free-flowing water although the size of the colonies suggests that they live partly submerged in the diffusive boundary layer. We showed that the filtered volume allows Z. niveum to assimilate sufficient sulfide to sustain the symbiosis at a few micromoles per liter in ambient concentration. Numerical modeling shows that sulfide oxidizing bacteria on the surfaces of Z. niveum can sustain 100-times higher sulfide uptake than bacteria on flat surfaces, such as microbial mats. The study demonstrates that the filter feeding zooids of Z. niveum are preadapted to be prime habitats for sulfide oxidizing bacteria due to Z. niveum’s habitat preference and due to the feeding current. Z. niveum is capable of exploiting low concentrations of sulfide in near norm-oxic seawater. This links its otherwise dissimilar habitats and makes it functionally similar to invertebrates with thiotrophic symbionts in filtering organs.
dc.identifier.citationMarine Biology 156, 669–677 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-008-1117-6
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00227-008-1117-6en_NZ
dc.identifier.roid4775en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/14384
dc.languageEnglishen_NZ
dc.publisherSpringeren_NZ
dc.relation.urihttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00227-008-1117-6
dc.rights© The Author(s) 2009. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.subjectSulfide; Diffusive Boundary Layer; Bacterial Symbiont; Peat Surface; Feeding Current
dc.titleSulfide Assimilation of the Ectosymbionts on the Sessile Ciliate, Zoothamnium niveumen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id14721
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Science/Applied Ecology Department
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences/HA Science 2018 PBRF
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