Momentum Vectorized Adaptive DDPG-based PSC Mitigator Design for Hybrid PV-TEG Systems with Auxiliary Battery Participation
Date
Authors
Zhou, Lei
Yang, Bo
Zhou, Shuai
Li, Hongbiao
Gao, Dengke
Lie, Tek Tjing
Jiang, Lin
Supervisor
Item type
Journal Article
Degree name
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Abstract
Partial shading conditions (PSC) significantly reduce the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems by causing uneven irradiation and mismatched power losses. To address this, this study proposes a novel momentum vectorized adaptive deep deterministic policy gradient (MVA-ADDPG) algorithm for hybrid PV-thermoelectric generation (PV-TEG) systems. The PV-TEG system integrates thermoelectric generators with PV modules to capture waste heat and uses intelligent energy storage coordination to reduce temperature sensitivity and improve system stability. Unlike conventional PV-energy storage systems, which suffer from high energy losses and maintenance costs, the proposed MVA-ADDPG-driven PV-TEG system employs a triple-action heuristic exploration strategy. It combines momentum-accelerated policy gradients with dynamic exploration–exploitation balance. At each step, three candidate actions are evaluated, generated through both heuristic and gradient-based approaches., This enables fine-grained optimization of battery distribution and system performance. Experimental validation on 6 × 4 to 6 × 6 PV-TEG arrays show an average power increase of 26.5% and a mismatch loss reduction of 45.2%. The method achieves fast convergence and maintains reliable performance under varying shading conditions. By recovering waste heat and optimizing cell compensation, the proposed approach extends system lifespan, and enhances economic viability. It offers a robust solution for efficient energy management in complex PV environments.Description
Keywords
40 Engineering, 4008 Electrical Engineering, 4009 Electronics, Sensors and Digital Hardware, 7 Affordable and Clean Energy, Hybrid PV-TEG systems, Multi-objective optimization, MVA-ADDPG, Reinforcement learning, SimuNPS, Thermoelectric power generation
Source
Global Energy Interconnection, ISSN: 2096-5117 (Print); 2590-0358 (Online), Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.gloei.2026.01.003
Publisher's version
Rights statement
Open access. © 2026 Global Energy Interconnection Group Co. Ltd.. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)