Durability of the Moderate-to-Heavy Intensity Transition Can Be Predicted Using Readily Available Markers of Physiological Decoupling
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Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract
Purpose To assess relationships between heart rate (HR), ventilation (Ѷᴇ), and respiratory frequency (Fꭆ) decoupling and durability of the first ventilatory threshold (VT₁), and the strength of practical models to predict power output at VT₁ during prolonged exercise. Methods Durability of VT₁ was assessed via measurements of power output at VT₁ before and after ~ 2.5-h of initially moderate-intensity cycling in 51 trained cyclists, as part of four studies published elsewhere. In 12 of those participants, power output at VT₁ was assessed every hour until task failure. For every assessment of power output at VT₁, HR, Fꭆ, and Ѷᴇ was measured at fixed power outputs, and thus decoupling of these variables with power output was determined. Bivariate repeated-measures correlations (rᵣₘ) between decoupling and durability of VT₁ were assessed. Multivariable models were created to predict power output at VT₁ during prolonged exercise using generalised estimating equations. Results Negative correlations were observed between exercise-induced change in power output at VT₁ and HR (rᵣₘ = −0.76, P < 0.001) and Fꭆ (rᵣₘ = −0.40, P = 0.013) decoupling, but not Ѷᴇ decoupling (rᵣₘ = −0.25, P = 0.136). The final prediction model, containing baseline VT₁ and peak oxygen uptake, Fꭆ decoupling, and an interaction between HR decoupling and exercise duration, effectively predicted real-time VT₁ (mean absolute error, ~ 7.2 W; R², 0.95). Conclusion HR and/or Fꭆ decoupling during controlled training sessions may be a practically useful durability assessment. Our prediction models may be an effective means of improving within-session intensity regulation and training load monitoring.Description
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European Journal of Applied Physiology, ISSN: 1439-6319 (Print); 1439-6327 (Online), Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 125(10), 2911-2920. doi: 10.1007/s00421-025-05815-0
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