Evaluation of Liquefaction Properties of East Coast Sand of New Zealand Mixed with Varied Kaolinite Contents Using the Dynamically Induced Porewater Pressure Characteristics

aut.relation.endpage9115
aut.relation.issue18en_NZ
aut.relation.journalApplied Sciencesen_NZ
aut.relation.startpage9115
aut.relation.volume12en_NZ
aut.researcherKalatehjari, Roohollah
dc.contributor.authorKalatehjari, Ren_NZ
dc.contributor.authorBolarinwa, Aen_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-26T02:30:09Z
dc.date.available2023-01-26T02:30:09Z
dc.description.abstractIn earthquake geotechnical engineering, physical model experiments have proven to be significant and valuable in understanding the complex physics and engineering behaviors of prototype undrained soils in fields. An executed literature review indicated that large-scale physical model testing, such as shaking table (ST) and centrifuge devices, have associated advantages and limitations. The current paper presents the design, fabrication, and calibration of a 600N-capacity, small-scale, one-directional (1-D) laboratory ST device that enables quick and valuable assessment of soil liquefaction mechanisms. The dynamically induced porewater pressure (PWP) generation characteristics of sand soil mixed with different percentage weights of clay were evaluated and illustrated as a case study for testing the ST device’s performance. The east coast sand (ECS) of New Zealand’s North Island was mixed with different percentages of kaolinite clay to produce five variants of ECS (00, 05, 10, 20, 25, and 30). Three input sine wave ground motions of a constant frequency of 10 Hz and amplitudes of 2, 3, and 4 were applied and classified in the current study as low, intermediate, and moderate ground motions, respectively, to evaluate the evolution of the dynamic excess pore pressures in the soil samples. The results indicated that the clean ECS and mixed samples with lower clay content (ECS00, ECS05, ECS10, and ECS15) produced the highest excess PWP throughout the three shaking cycles, with higher tendencies of contraction and liquefaction properties. On the other hand, soil samples with a higher percentage of clay (ECS20 and ECS20) yielded the lowest PWP, with softening and dilative properties.en_NZ
dc.identifier.citationApplied Sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 12(18), 9115. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12189115
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/app12189115en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn2076-3417en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/15844
dc.languageenen_NZ
dc.publisherMDPI AGen_NZ
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/18/9115en_NZ
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectporewater pressures; dynamic liquefaction; clayey sand; single degree of freedom; shaking table; east coast sand; amplification factors; earthquake-induced liquefaction
dc.titleEvaluation of Liquefaction Properties of East Coast Sand of New Zealand Mixed with Varied Kaolinite Contents Using the Dynamically Induced Porewater Pressure Characteristicsen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id477141
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Design & Creative Technologies
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Design & Creative Technologies/School of Future Environments
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