Assessing the Nutrient Intake of a Low-carbohydrate, High-fat (LCHF) Diet: A Hypothetical Case Study Design

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aut.relation.issue2en_NZ
aut.relation.journalBMJ Openen_NZ
aut.relation.volume8en_NZ
aut.researcherZinn, Caryn
dc.contributor.authorZinn, Cen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorRush, Aen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorJohnson, Ren_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-25T03:39:04Z
dc.date.available2021-06-25T03:39:04Z
dc.date.copyright2018en_NZ
dc.date.issued2018en_NZ
dc.description.abstractObjective: The low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet is becoming increasingly employed in clinical dietetic practice as a means to manage many health-related conditions. Yet, it continues to remain contentious in nutrition circles due to a belief that the diet is devoid of nutrients and concern around its saturated fat content. This work aimed to assess the micronutrient intake of the LCHF diet under two conditions of saturated fat thresholds. Design: In this descriptive study, two LCHF meal plans were designed for two hypothetical cases representing the average Australian male and female weight-stable adult. National documented heights, a body mass index of 22.5 to establish weight and a 1.6 activity factor were used to estimate total energy intake using the Schofield equation. Carbohydrate was limited to <130 g, protein was set at 15%-25% of total energy and fat supplied the remaining calories. One version of the diet aligned with the national saturated fat guideline threshold of <10% of total energy and the other included saturated fat ad libitum. Primary outcomes: The primary outcomes included all micronutrients, which were assessed using FoodWorks dietary analysis software against national Australian/New Zealand nutrient reference value (NRV) thresholds. Results: All of the meal plans exceeded the minimum NRV thresholds, apart from iron in the female meal plans, which achieved 86%-98% of the threshold. Saturated fat intake was logistically unable to be reduced below the 10% threshold for the male plan but exceeded the threshold by 2 g (0.6%). Conclusion: Despite macronutrient proportions not aligning with current national dietary guidelines, a well-planned LCHF meal plan can be considered micronutrient replete. This is an important finding for health professionals, consumers and critics of LCHF nutrition, as it dispels the myth that these diets are suboptimal in their micronutrient supply. As with any diet, for optimal nutrient achievement, meals need to be well formulated.en_NZ
dc.identifier.citationBMJ Open 2018;8:e018846. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018846
dc.identifier.doi10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018846en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn2044-6055en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/14292
dc.publisherBMJ
dc.relation.urihttps://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/8/2/e018846
dc.rights© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.titleAssessing the Nutrient Intake of a Low-carbohydrate, High-fat (LCHF) Diet: A Hypothetical Case Study Designen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id325701
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation/Physical Activity, Nutrition & the Outdoors Department
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation/Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation/Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand/Human Potential Research Group
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation/Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand/Sports Physiology & Nutrition Research Group
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences/HS Sports & Recreation 2018 PBRF
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