Therapists’ Experiences of Canine-Assisted Therapy in Aotearoa New Zealand

Abstract

This study explored the views and experiences of mental health therapists in Aotearoa New Zealand who implement canine-assisted therapy (CAT), a category of animal-assisted treatment (AAT). Reflexive thematic analysis of five semi-structured interviews with counsellors and psychologists led to the constructed themes regarding pathways into implementing CAT and its perceived benefits, including an enhanced therapeutic relationship, increased motivation and engagement, and positive effects on emotional state. Participants highlighted challenges associated with limited training opportunities, ethical dilemmas, client and therapist distraction, and considerations related to dog welfare and its associated logistical demands. Despite these challenges, therapists expressed hope for CAT becoming a more widespread adjunct to mental health practice in Aotearoa. These findings offer valuable insight for therapists considering implementing CAT and support existing calls for exploration and development of training protocols, best practice guidelines, and welfare standards to promote safe, effective, and ethical CAT practice.