Measurement of the Developing Foot in Shod and Barefoot Paediatric Populations: A Narrative Review

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aut.relation.endpage24
aut.relation.issue750en_NZ
aut.relation.journalChildrenen_NZ
aut.relation.pages24
aut.relation.startpage1
aut.relation.volume9en_NZ
aut.researcherSheerin, Kelly
dc.contributor.authorSquibb, Men_NZ
dc.contributor.authorSheerin, K
dc.contributor.authorFrancis, P
dc.date.accessioned2022-05-20T01:52:40Z
dc.date.available2022-05-20T01:52:40Z
dc.date.copyright2022-05-19en_NZ
dc.date.issued2022-05-19en_NZ
dc.description.abstractThe theory that footwear may change foot shape dates back 100 years. Since this period, research has revealed the anatomical and functional consequences that footwear can cause to the foot. Children’s feet remain malleable as they undergo developmental changes until adolescence, which is why childhood is arguably a crucial period to understand how footwear can affect natural foot development. This review explored the development of the foot in children and adolescents and the methods used to measure the different foot structures; it comments on the key issues with some of these methods and gives direction for future research. Various internal and external factors can affect foot development; the main factors are age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI) and footwear habits. Research on how footwear can affect foot development has increased over the years and the final section of this review aimed to unpick the findings. Studies investigating the influence of footwear habits on foot length and width have established inconsistent findings. Many of the studies in the review did not control for internal and external factors that can affect foot development. There was also a limited number of studies that investigated hallux valgus angle and muscle strength differences in those with different footwear habits. Moreover, multiple studies in the final section of this review did not successfully examine the footwear habits of the participants and instead used observations or self-assessments, which is a major limitation. Future research should examine footwear behaviors and other confounding factors when investigating the development of the foot in children and adolescents. Moreover, researchers should critically evaluate the methods used to quantify the different structures of the foot to ensure valid and reliable parameters are being used.
dc.identifier.citationChildren 2022, 9, 750. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9050750
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/children9050750
dc.identifier.issn2227-9067en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/15144
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/5/750en_NZ
dc.rights© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.subjectDevelopment; Footwear; Paediatrics; Medial longitudinal arch; Hallux valgus angle; Foot shape; Muscle strength; Musculoskeletal
dc.titleMeasurement of the Developing Foot in Shod and Barefoot Paediatric Populations: A Narrative Reviewen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id454753
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Faculty of Health & Environmental Science/School of Sport & Recreation/Sport & Exercise Science Department
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences/HS Sports & Recreation 2018 PBRF
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