The Global Burden of Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Summary of Findings From the GBD 2010 Study

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aut.relation.endpage106
aut.relation.issue1en_NZ
aut.relation.journalGlobal Hearten_NZ
aut.relation.startpage101
aut.relation.volume9en_NZ
aut.researcherKrishnamurthi, Rita
dc.contributor.authorKrishnamurthi, RVen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorMoran, AEen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorForouzanfar, MHen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorBennett, DAen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorMensah, GAen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorLawes, CMMen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorBarker-Collo, Sen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorConnor, Men_NZ
dc.contributor.authorRoth, GAen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorSacco, Ren_NZ
dc.contributor.authorEzzati, Men_NZ
dc.contributor.authorNaghavi, Men_NZ
dc.contributor.authorMurray, CJLen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorFeigin, VLen_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2019-05-07T02:24:50Z
dc.date.available2019-05-07T02:24:50Z
dc.date.copyright2014en_NZ
dc.date.issued2014en_NZ
dc.description.abstractThis report summarizes the findings of the GBD 2010 (Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors) study for hemorrhagic stroke (HS). Multiple databases were searched for relevant studies published between 1990 and 2010. The GBD 2010 study provided standardized estimates of the incidence, mortality, mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost for HS (including intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage) by age, sex, and income level (high-income countries [HIC]; low- and middle-income countries [LMIC]) for 21 GBD 2010 regions in 1990, 2005, and 2010. In 2010, there were 5.3 million cases of HS and over 3.0 million deaths due to HS. There was a 47% increase worldwide in the absolute number of HS cases. The largest proportion of HS incident cases (80%) and deaths (63%) occurred in LMIC countries. There were 62.8 million DALY lost (86% in LMIC) due to HS. The overall age-standardized incidence rate of HS per 100,000 person-years in 2010 was 48.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.44 to 52.13) in HIC and 99.43 (95% CI: 85.37 to 116.28) in LMIC, and 81.52 (95% CI: 72.27 to 92.82) globally. The age-standardized incidence of HS increased by 18.5% worldwide between 1990 and 2010. In HIC, there was a reduction in incidence of HS by 8% (95% CI: 1% to 15%), mortality by 38% (95% CI: 32% to 43%), DALY by 39% (95% CI: 32% to 44%), and MIR by 27% (95% CI: 19% to 35%) in the last 2 decades. In LMIC countries, there was a significant increase in the incidence of HS by 22% (95% CI: 5% to 30%), whereas there was a significant reduction in mortality rates of 23% (95% CI: -3% to 36%), DALY lost of 25% (95% CI: 7% to 38%), and MIR by 36% (95% CI: 16% to 49%). There were significant regional differences in incidence rates of HS, with the highest rates in LMIC regions such as sub-Saharan Africa and East Asia, and lowest rates in High Income North America and Western Europe. The worldwide burden of HS has increased over the last 2 decades in terms of absolute numbers of HS incident events. The majority of the burden of HS is borne by LMIC. Rates for HS incidence, mortality, and DALY lost, as well as MIR decreased in the past 2 decades in HIC, but increased significantly in LMIC countries, particularly in those patients ≤75 years. HS affected people at a younger age in LMIC than in HIC. The lowest incidence and mortality rates in 2010 were in High Income North America, Australasia, and Western Europe, whereas the highest rates were in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. These results suggest that reducing the burden of HS is a priority particularly in LMIC. The GBD 2010 findings may be a useful resource for planning strategies to reduce the global burden of HS.
dc.identifier.citationGlobal Heart, Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2014, pp. 101-106.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.gheart.2014.01.003en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn2211-8160en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/12492
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211816014000155?via%3Dihub
dc.rightsCopyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in (see Citation). Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. The definitive version was published in (see Citation). The original publication is available at (see Publisher's Version).
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.titleThe Global Burden of Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Summary of Findings From the GBD 2010 Studyen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id165931
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science/Public Health & Psych Studies
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences/HY Public Health & Psychosocial Studies 2018 PBRF
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