Effect of Low-Volume Combined Aerobic and Resistance High-Intensity Interval Training on Vascular Health in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Date
2024-05-02
Authors
Cox, ER
Gajanand, T
Keating, SE
Hordern, MD
Burton, NW
Green, DJ
Ramos, JS
Ramos, MV
Fassett, RG
Cox, SV
Supervisor
Item type
Journal Article
Degree name
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract

Purpose: We compared the effects of low-volume combined aerobic and resistance high-intensity interval training (C-HIIT), combined moderate-intensity continuous training (C-MICT) and waitlist control (CON) on vascular health after 8-weeks of supervised training, and an additional 10-months of self-directed training, in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Sixty-nine low active adults with T2D were randomised to 8-weeks of supervised C-HIIT (3 times/week, 78-min/week), C-MICT (current exercise guidelines, 4 times/week, 210-min/week) or CON. CON underwent usual care for 8-weeks before being re-randomised to C-HIIT or C-MICT. This was followed by 10-months of self-directed training for participants in C-HIIT and C-MICT. Vascular outcomes were evaluated at baseline, 8-weeks, and 12-months.

Results: After 8-weeks, supervised C-HIIT significantly improved relative flow-mediated dilation (FMD) compared with CON (mean difference [MD] 0.8% [0.1, 1.4], p = 0.025). Although not significantly different from CON, the magnitude of change in relative FMD following 8-weeks of supervised C-MICT was similar (MD 0.8% [–0.1, 1.7], p = 0.080). There were no differences in haemodynamic indices, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), or aortic reservoir pressure between groups at 8-weeks. After 12-months, there was a significant reduction in haemodynamic indices (time effect, p < 0.05) for both C-HIIT and C-MICT, with no between-group difference. The reduction in cfPWV over 12-months was significantly greater in C-MICT than C-HIIT (group × time effect, p = 0.018). There was no difference in FMD over time or between groups at 12-months.

Conclusions: Short-term supervised C-HIIT and C-MICT both increased brachial artery FMD compared with CON. Long-term C-HIIT and C-MICT were beneficial for improving haemodynamic indices, but not brachial artery FMD. C-MICT was superior to C-HIIT for improving cfPWV at 12-months. Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Identifier ACTRN12615000475549.

Description
Keywords
Blood pressure , Diabetes mellitus, type 2 , Exercise , Flow-mediated dilation , High-intensity interval training , Pulse wave velocity , 32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences , 3202 Clinical Sciences , 42 Health Sciences , Diabetes , Clinical Research , Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities , Cardiovascular , Nutrition , 6 Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions , 6.7 Physical , 3 Good Health and Well Being , 1106 Human Movement and Sports Sciences , Sport Sciences , 3202 Clinical sciences , 3208 Medical physiology , 4207 Sports science and exercise
Source
European Journal of Applied Physiology, ISSN: 1439-6319 (Print); 1439-6327 (Online), Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 1-15. doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05473-8
Rights statement
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.