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Global, Regional, and National Burden of Headache Disorders, 1990–2021, With Forecasts to 2050: A Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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aut.relation.articlenumber102348
aut.relation.endpage102348
aut.relation.journalCell Reports Medicine
aut.relation.startpage102348
dc.contributor.authorGBD 2021 Headache Collaborators. Electronic address: yonkkang@gmail.com
dc.contributor.authorWijeratne, Tissa
dc.contributor.authorOh, Jiyeon
dc.contributor.authorKim, Soeun
dc.contributor.authorYim, Yesol
dc.contributor.authorKim, Min Seo
dc.contributor.authorShin, Jae Il
dc.contributor.authorOh, Yun-Seo
dc.contributor.authorJung, Raon
dc.contributor.authorKim, Yun Seo
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Lee
dc.contributor.authorAalruz, Hasan
dc.contributor.authorAbd-Rabu, Rami
dc.contributor.authorAbdulah, Deldar Morad
dc.contributor.authorAboagye, Richard Gyan
dc.contributor.authorAbolmaali, Meysam
dc.contributor.authorAbtahi, Dariush
dc.contributor.authorAbualhasan, Ahmed
dc.contributor.authorAdedoyin, Rufus Adesoji
dc.contributor.authorAdnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
dc.contributor.authorAfrashteh, Fatemeh
dc.contributor.authorAggarwal, Navidha
dc.contributor.authorAhmad, Danish
dc.contributor.authorAhmadi, Ali
dc.contributor.authorAhmadi, Negar Sadat
dc.contributor.authorAhmadzade, Amir Mahmoud
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Syed Anees
dc.contributor.authorAl Awaidy, Salah
dc.contributor.authorAlabbad, Sawsan
dc.contributor.authorAlajlani, Muaaz M
dc.contributor.authorAl-Ajlouni, Yazan
dc.contributor.authorAli, Mohammed Usman
dc.contributor.authorAli, Syed Shujait
dc.contributor.authorAli, Waad
dc.contributor.authorAlmazan, Joseph Uy
dc.contributor.authorAlshahrani, Najim Z
dc.contributor.authorAltaf, Awais
dc.contributor.authorAl-Wardat, Mohammad
dc.contributor.authorAlzoubi, Karem H
dc.contributor.authorAmiri, Sohrab
dc.contributor.authorAmu, Hubert
dc.contributor.authorAmusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, David B
dc.contributor.authorAnwar, Saleha
dc.contributor.authorAreda, Demelash
dc.contributor.authorAsghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad
dc.contributor.authorAshina, Sait
dc.contributor.authorAshraf, Javed
dc.contributor.authorAshraf, Tahira
dc.contributor.authorAzargoonjahromi, Ali
dc.contributor.authorBahurupi, Yogesh
dc.contributor.authorBaig, Atif Amin
dc.contributor.authorBandyopadhyay, Soham
dc.contributor.authorBardhan, Mainak
dc.contributor.authorBarqawi, Hiba Jawdat
dc.contributor.authorBashiri, Azadeh
dc.contributor.authorBastan, Mohammad-Mahdi
dc.contributor.authorBemanalizadeh, Maryam
dc.contributor.authorBensenor, Isabela M
dc.contributor.authorBerhie, Alemshet Yirga Yirga
dc.contributor.authorBhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth
dc.contributor.authorBhaskar, Sonu
dc.contributor.authorBhat, Vivek
dc.contributor.authorBhatti, Gurjit Kaur
dc.contributor.authorBhatti, Jasvinder Singh
dc.contributor.authorBilgin, Cem
dc.contributor.authorBiswas, Atanu
dc.contributor.authorBizzozero-Peroni, Bruno
dc.contributor.authorBustanji, Yasser
dc.contributor.authorCámera, Luis Alberto
dc.contributor.authorCaronna, Edoardo
dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Andre F
dc.contributor.authorChakraborty, Sandip
dc.contributor.authorChing, Patrick R
dc.contributor.authorChristodoulou, Nikos
dc.contributor.authorChu, Dinh-Toi
dc.contributor.authorChu, Hongyuan
dc.contributor.authorCruz-Martins, Natalia
dc.contributor.authorDadras, Omid
dc.contributor.authorDai, Xiaochen
dc.contributor.authorD'Amico, Emanuele
dc.contributor.authorDarwish, Amira Hamed
dc.contributor.authorDeekonda, Sindhura
dc.contributor.authorDevanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan
dc.contributor.authorDharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda
dc.contributor.authorDima, Adriana
dc.contributor.authorDinkayehu, Temesgien Ergetie
dc.contributor.authorDo, Huyen
dc.contributor.authorDoku, Paul Narh
dc.contributor.authorDoshi, Ojas Prakashbhai
dc.contributor.authorE'mar, Abdel Rahman
dc.contributor.authorEissazade, Negin
dc.contributor.authorEltaha, Chadi
dc.contributor.authorFahim, Ayesha
dc.contributor.authorFares, Jawad
dc.contributor.authorFarjoud Kouhanjani, Mohsen
dc.contributor.authorFaro, Andre
dc.contributor.authorFazeli, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorFereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad
dc.contributor.authorFerrara, Pietro
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorFischer, Florian
dc.contributor.authorFornari, Arianna
dc.contributor.authorGajdács, Márió
dc.contributor.authorGebregergis, Miglas Welay
dc.contributor.authorGhadimi, Delaram J
dc.contributor.authorGhaffari Jolfayi, Amir
dc.contributor.authorGnedovskaya, Elena V
dc.contributor.authorGolechha, Mahaveer
dc.contributor.authorGomez Figueroa, Enrique
dc.contributor.authorHashempur, Mohammad Hashem
dc.contributor.authorHasnain, Md Saquib
dc.contributor.authorHassan, Amr
dc.contributor.authorHassan, Nageeb
dc.contributor.authorHassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Mahgol Sadat
dc.contributor.authorHegazy, Mohamed I
dc.contributor.authorHeidari, Golnaz
dc.contributor.authorHelfer, Bartosz
dc.contributor.authorHossain, Md Mahbub
dc.contributor.authorHouseh, Mowafa
dc.contributor.authorHu, Chengxi
dc.contributor.authorIavicoli, Ivo
dc.contributor.authorIlesanmi, Olayinka Stephen
dc.contributor.authorIlic, Irena M
dc.contributor.authorIlyas, Muhana Fawwazy
dc.contributor.authorIlyasu, Salim
dc.contributor.authorIsmail, Nahlah Elkudssiah
dc.contributor.authorJafari-Khounigh, Ali
dc.contributor.authorJahrami, Haitham
dc.contributor.authorJanodia, Manthan Dilipkumar
dc.contributor.authorJayasinghe, Ruwan Duminda
dc.contributor.authorJeswani, Bijay Mukesh
dc.contributor.authorJonas, Jost B
dc.contributor.authorJoseph, Nitin
dc.contributor.authorKalani, Rizwan
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Moien AB
dc.contributor.authorKhateri, Sorour
dc.contributor.authorKhatib, Mahalaqua Nazli
dc.contributor.authorKhayat Kashani, Hamid Reza
dc.contributor.authorKhidri, Feriha Fatima
dc.contributor.authorKhormali, Moein
dc.contributor.authorKhosravi, Sepehr
dc.contributor.authorKim, Yun Jin
dc.contributor.authorKompani, Farzad
dc.contributor.authorKostev, Karel
dc.contributor.authorKrishan, Kewal
dc.contributor.authorKrishnan, Bindu
dc.contributor.authorDefo, Barthelemy Kuate
dc.contributor.authorKuddus, Mohammed
dc.contributor.authorKulimbet, Mukhtar
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Rakesh
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Vijay
dc.contributor.authorKytö, Ville
dc.contributor.authorLasrado, Savita
dc.contributor.authorLee, Seung Won
dc.contributor.authorLenzi, Jacopo
dc.contributor.authorLeonardi, Matilde
dc.contributor.authorLucchetti, Giancarlo
dc.contributor.authorLugo, Alessandra
dc.contributor.authorMakhdoom, Irsa Fatima
dc.contributor.authorMallahzadeh, Arashk
dc.contributor.authorMansouri, Vahid
dc.contributor.authorMarzo, Roy Rillera
dc.contributor.authorMathangasinghe, Yasith
dc.contributor.authorMayeli, Mahsa
dc.contributor.authorMehmood, Asim
dc.contributor.authorMeretoja, Atte
dc.contributor.authorMestrovic, Tomislav
dc.contributor.authorMettananda, Sachith
dc.contributor.authorMinervini, Giuseppe
dc.contributor.authorMishra, Archana
dc.contributor.authorMithra, Prasanna
dc.contributor.authorMohamed Ahmed, Khabab Abbasher Hussien
dc.contributor.authorMohammadzadeh, Ibrahim
dc.contributor.authorMohammed, Shafiu
dc.contributor.authorMonasta, Lorenzo
dc.contributor.authorMorrison, Shane Douglas
dc.contributor.authorNabavi, Amin
dc.contributor.authorNatto, Zuhair S
dc.contributor.authorNauman, Javaid
dc.contributor.authorNieddu, Luciano
dc.contributor.authorNugen, Fred
dc.contributor.authorOlagunju, Andrew T
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Arão Belitardo
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Welber Sousa
dc.contributor.authorOmar, Hany A
dc.contributor.authorOmer, Goran Latif
dc.contributor.authorOtstavnov, Nikita
dc.contributor.authorP A, Mahesh
dc.contributor.authorPanos, Leonidas D
dc.contributor.authorParikh, Romil R
dc.contributor.authorPatil, Shankargouda
dc.contributor.authorPatra, Apurba
dc.contributor.authorPedersini, Paolo
dc.contributor.authorPensato, Umberto
dc.contributor.authorPeprah, Prince
dc.contributor.authorPeres, Mario FP
dc.contributor.authorPiradov, Michael A
dc.contributor.authorPozo-Rosich, Patricia
dc.contributor.authorPradhan, Jalandhar
dc.contributor.authorPrakash, Sanjay
dc.contributor.authorPrashant, Akila
dc.contributor.authorPuvvula, Jagadeesh
dc.contributor.authorRafiei, Alireza
dc.contributor.authorRaggi, Alberto
dc.contributor.authorRahmani, Amir Masoud
dc.contributor.authorRamadan, Mahmoud Mohammed
dc.contributor.authorRathish, Devarajan
dc.contributor.authorRautalin, Ilari
dc.contributor.authorRawaf, Salman
dc.contributor.authorRezaeian, Mohsen
dc.contributor.authorRezazadeh Eidgahi, Donya
dc.contributor.authorRhee, Taeho Gregory
dc.contributor.authorRoy, Priyanka
dc.contributor.authorSaad Eddin, Adnan
dc.contributor.authorSabet, Cameron John
dc.contributor.authorSaddik, Basema Ahmad
dc.contributor.authorSadeghi, Erfan
dc.contributor.authorSaeed, Umar
dc.contributor.authorSaheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh
dc.contributor.authorSaheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes
dc.contributor.authorSahoo, Pragyan Monalisa
dc.contributor.authorSalimi, Sohrab
dc.contributor.authorSamy, Abdallah M
dc.contributor.authorSaulam, Jennifer
dc.contributor.authorSawhney, Monika
dc.contributor.authorSenol, Yigit Can
dc.contributor.authorSenthilkumaran, Subramanian
dc.contributor.authorSethi, Yashendra
dc.contributor.authorSeyedmirzaei, Homa
dc.contributor.authorShafie, Mahan
dc.contributor.authorShamsi, Anas
dc.contributor.authorSharifan, Amin
dc.contributor.authorShehata, Hatem Samir
dc.contributor.authorShenoy, Rekha Raghuveer
dc.contributor.authorShokraneh, Farhad
dc.contributor.authorSidhu, Jaspreet Kaur
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Baljinder
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Harmanjit
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Jasvinder A
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Surjit
dc.contributor.authorSkryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna
dc.contributor.authorSobia, Farrukh
dc.contributor.authorSrichawla, Bahadar S
dc.contributor.authorSuresh, Vinay
dc.contributor.authorSwain, Chandan Kumar
dc.contributor.authorT Y, Sree Sudha
dc.contributor.authorTabaee Damavandi, Payam
dc.contributor.authorTabche, Celine
dc.contributor.authorTabish, Mohammad
dc.contributor.authorTanwar, Manoj
dc.contributor.authorTemsah, Mohamad-Hani
dc.contributor.authorTeramoto, Masayuki
dc.contributor.authorTran, Nghia Minh
dc.contributor.authorTran, Thang Huu
dc.contributor.authorTsatsakis, Aristidis
dc.contributor.authorUdoakang, Aniefiok John
dc.contributor.authorUsman, Jibrin Sammani
dc.contributor.authorUzunçıbuk, Hande
dc.contributor.authorVan den Eynde, Jef
dc.contributor.authorVasankari, Tommi Juhani
dc.contributor.authorVenketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy
dc.contributor.authorVillafañe, Jorge Hugo
dc.contributor.authorWang, Lintao
dc.contributor.authorWang, Xingxin
dc.contributor.authorWang, Yuan-Pang
dc.contributor.authorWiangkham, Taweewat
dc.contributor.authorWinkler, Andrea Sylvia
dc.contributor.authorWollie, Alemayehu Molla
dc.contributor.authorXiao, Zheman
dc.contributor.authorYismaw, Yazachew Engida Engida
dc.contributor.authorYousuf, Abdilahi
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Zhongyi
dc.contributor.authorZielińska, Magdalena
dc.contributor.authorChu, Min Kyung
dc.contributor.authorSong, Tae-Jin
dc.contributor.authorYon, Dong Keon
dc.contributor.authorFeigin, Valery L
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-29T20:35:06Z
dc.date.available2025-09-29T20:35:06Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractHeadache disorders, especially migraines and tension-type headaches (TTHs), are major global public health concerns, as shown by the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021. We provide updated global estimates of prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries and territories and forecasts through 2050. In 2021, there are 2.0 billion people with TTH and 1.2 billion with migraine. Although TTH is more prevalent, migraine causes higher disability. While crude prevalence and YLDs increased, age-standardized rates remained stable and are projected to continue this trend due to population growth. There is a disproportionately higher burden in women aged 30-44 and countries with higher Socio-demographic Index and Healthcare Access and Quality Index. Despite this, migraines remain underrecognized in health policies and funding. This study emphasizes the urgent need to prioritize headache disorders in global health agendas.
dc.identifier.citationCell Reports Medicine, ISSN: 2666-3791 (Print); 2666-3791 (Online), Elsevier, 102348-102348. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102348
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102348
dc.identifier.issn2666-3791
dc.identifier.issn2666-3791
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10292/19891
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379125004215
dc.rights© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectdisability-adjusted life years
dc.subjectGlobal Burden of Disease
dc.subjectheadache disorders
dc.subjectmigraine
dc.subjecttension-type headache
dc.subjectGlobal Burden of Disease
dc.subjectdisability-adjusted life years
dc.subjectheadache disorders
dc.subjectmigraine
dc.subjecttension-type headache
dc.subject32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
dc.subject3202 Clinical Sciences
dc.subjectPain Research
dc.subjectBrain Disorders
dc.subjectWomen's Health
dc.subjectNeurosciences
dc.subjectHeadaches
dc.subjectChronic Pain
dc.subjectMigraines
dc.subject2.4 Surveillance and distribution
dc.subjectNeurological
dc.subject3 Good Health and Well Being
dc.subject32 Biomedical and clinical sciences
dc.titleGlobal, Regional, and National Burden of Headache Disorders, 1990–2021, With Forecasts to 2050: A Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id631723

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