Exploring the Potential of MSM Social Media Dating Apps in HIV Prevention: Features, Interactions, and User Perceptions

Abstract

In New Zealand, men who have sex with men (MSM) bear a disproportionate HIV burden. Over time, their dating behaviours have evolved, with many now using social media dating apps to connect and meet. These apps, commonly utilised for arranging sexual encounters, could also serve as effective channels for disseminating HIV prevention information. The study investigates the potential role of MSM social media dating apps in HIV prevention. specifically examining the communication capacity of these platforms regarding HIV prevention, including the identification, documentation, and evaluation of HIV-related features, as well as users' perceptions of these features.

Grounded in the Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT) and the Political Economy of Communication (PEC) framework, the research employed content analysis of dating app features and semi-structured interviews with their users. Three key questions guided the research: the presence of HIV-related features in MSM social media dating apps, the influence of the design and functionality of these features on their usability, and user perceptions of these features.

The findings revealed a limited presence of HIV-related features in MSM social media dating apps. Although the apps presented HIV-related information in an accessible, usable, and credible manner, the design leaned towards simplicity, lacking interactivity and engaging multimedia elements. Users acknowledged the importance of integrating HIV-related features but expressed a stronger reliance on the Burnett Foundation Aotearoa as a more reliable source of HIV-related information.

This study highlights both the potential and limitations of MSM social media dating apps in HIV prevention. Despite technological advancements, a gap remains between the platforms’ capabilities and users' needs. The findings underscore the importance of user-centered design improvements to enhance the usability, trustworthiness, and engagement of these apps. Ultimately, this research offers valuable insights for app developers, policymakers, and public health professionals, guiding the development of more effective HIV prevention strategies.