Determinants and Suitability of Carotenoid Reflection Score As a Measure of Carotenoid Status

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aut.relation.articlenumber113en_NZ
aut.relation.issue1en_NZ
aut.relation.journalNutrientsen_NZ
aut.relation.volume12en_NZ
aut.researcherDrabsch, Julie
dc.contributor.authorRush, Een_NZ
dc.contributor.authorAmoah, Ien_NZ
dc.contributor.authorDiep, Ten_NZ
dc.contributor.authorJalili-Moghaddam, Sen_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-03T02:43:53Z
dc.date.available2020-12-03T02:43:53Z
dc.date.copyright2020en_NZ
dc.date.issued2020en_NZ
dc.description.abstractCarotenoids, orange-coloured pigments found in vegetables, fruit, eggs and dairy foods, act as antioxidants and vitamin A precursors in the human body. Skin carotenoid concentration is a biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake. The aim was to identify determinants of skin carotenoid concentration by measuring "Veggie Meter™" carotenoid reflection spectroscopy scores (CRS) from the fingertip of adults with a range of ages, ethnicity and body size. Frequencies of daily intake of vegetables and fruit and weekly intake of pumpkin and carrot, dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), eggs (yolk), and dairy were determined from a self-completed food-frequency-questionnaire. A total of 571 (324 Women, 247 Men) adults, aged 16 to 85 years, completed measurements. The CRS ranged from 83 to 769, with a median of 327. Women and men did not score differently. For all participants there were negative correlations of CRS with weight (r = -0.312) and BMI (r = -0.338) and positive correlations with weekly intakes of DGLV (r = 0.242) and carrots and pumpkin (r = 0.202). Based on a review of health outcomes associated with plasma carotenoids, 82% of the participants in the current study are at moderate risk, or more, of negative health outcomes. Determinants of carotenoid status were body size, intake of DGLV, carrots and pumpkin, and ethnicity.en_NZ
dc.identifier.citationNutrients, 12(1), 113.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu12010113en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/13842
dc.languageengen_NZ
dc.publisherMDPI AGen_NZ
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/1/113
dc.rights© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.subjectVeggie Meter™en_NZ
dc.subjectBiomarkeren_NZ
dc.subjectCarotenoidsen_NZ
dc.subjectVegetable and fruit intakeen_NZ
dc.titleDeterminants and Suitability of Carotenoid Reflection Score As a Measure of Carotenoid Statusen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id368164
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science/Applied Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science/Clinical Sciences
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science/School of Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science/Sports & Recreation
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences/HS Sports & Recreation 2018 PBRF
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