School of Clinical Sciences

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https://hdl.handle.net/10292/1241
The School of Clinical Sciences plays an important role in specialist teaching and research conducted by its academic staff and postgraduate students. This places AUT students at the forefront of much of the ground-breaking research undertaken in New Zealand, especially in the fields of Midwifery, Nursing, Occupational Therapy, Oral Health, Paramedicine, Physiotherapy, Podiatry.

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 743
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    Pre-hospital Trauma Guidelines and Access to Lifesaving Interventions in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand
    (Wiley, 2024-01-22) Andrews, Tim; Meadley, Ben; Gabbe, Belinda; Beck, Ben; Dicker, Bridget; Cameron, Peter
    The centralisation of trauma services in western countries has led to an improvement in patient outcomes. Effective trauma systems include a pre-hospital trauma system. Delivery of high-level pre-hospital trauma care must include identification of potential major trauma patients, access and correct application of lifesaving interventions (LSIs) and timely transport to definitive care. Globally, many nations endorse nationwide pre-hospital major trauma triage guidelines, to ensure a universal approach to patient care. This paper examined clinical guidelines from all 10 EMS in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. All relevant trauma guidelines were included, and key information was extracted. Authors compared major trauma triage criteria, all LSI included in guidelines, and guidelines for transport to definitive care. The identification of major trauma patients varied between all 10 EMS, with no universal criteria. The most common approach to trauma triage included a three-step assessment process: physiological criteria, identified injuries and mechanism of injury. Disparity between physiological criteria, injuries and mechanism was found when comparing guidelines. All 10 EMS had fundamental LSI included in their trauma guidelines. Fundamental LSI included haemorrhage control (arterial tourniquets, pelvic binders), non-invasive airway management (face mask ventilation, supraglottic airway devices) and pleural wall needle decompression. Variation in more advanced LSI was evident between EMS. Optimising trauma triage guidelines is an important aspect of a robust and evidence driven trauma system. The lack of consensus in trauma triage identified in the present study makes benchmarking and comparison of trauma systems difficult.
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    The Experiences and Perceptions of Healthy Siblings of Children with a Long-Term Condition: Umbrella Review
    (Elsevier, 2024-04-04) Blamires, Julie; Foster, Mandie; Rasmussen, Shayne; Zgambo, Maggie; Morelius, Evalotte
    Problem The lives of healthy siblings living with a sibling with a long- term condition are often shaped by the family, type of illness, length of illness, age of the child, caregiver demands, and support provided to the family, ill sibling, and healthy sibling. While the experiences of healthy siblings are documented in the literature by parent proxy, literature on healthy siblings self-reported experiences of living with a sibling who has a long-term condition remains scarce. Purpose This umbrella review aims to synthesize reviews on the self-reported experiences of healthy siblings of children living with a sibling who has a long-term condition. Eligibility criteria Published peer-reviewed reviews in English language exploring the self-reported experiences of healthy siblings under 24 years old, whose siblings are diagnosed with a long-term condition. Sample Using a developed search strategy, seven electronic databases (CINAHLPlus, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Clinical Key, and Google Scholar) were searched from 2018 till December 2023. Eleven reviews met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to narrative synthesis. Results Four themes (adjusting to changes, wanting to help, living the ups and downs, living the changes), and eight subthemes were generated from the syntheses. Conclusion This is the first umbrella review undertaken on healthy siblings self-reported experiences of living with a sibling who has a long-term condition. The impact of a long-term condition on healthy siblings of children with a long-term condition suggests a need for healthcare providers and organisations to provide better emotional, psychological, and informational support to healthy siblings and their families. Implications Findings from this review will inform healthcare providers, organisations, researchers, and policymakers on the development of future clinical practices and research for healthy siblings.
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    Children and Young People’s Self-Reported Experiences of Asthma and Self-Management Nursing Strategies: An Integrative Review
    (Elsevier, 2024-04-10) Kemble, Hannah; Foster, Mandie; Blamires, Julie; Mowat, Rebecca
    Aim To explore children and young people's (CYP) (5–24 years of age) self-reported experiences of asthma self-management strategies (ASMS) with nursing involvement across various settings. Background Childhood asthma is an increasingly significant health issue, highlighting the importance of acquiring self-management skills to optimise future health outcomes. Registered nurses play a pivotal role in delivering appropriate, personalized self-management support. Methods This integrative review searched four electronic databases: Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature via Elton B. Stephens Company, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Object, View and Interactive Design (OVID), and PubMed, that followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis flowchart. Included studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Braun and Clarks thematic analysis was used to generate themes, and sub-themes. Findings Fifteen studies were included for review. Thematic analysis generated three themes being healthy literacy; health and wellbeing; and tools and working together. Conclusions Asthma continues to have negative physical, psychological, and social implications among CYP. CYP are both willing and capable of engaging in ASMS and learning self-management skills, however, continue to have unmet self-management needs.
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    Specialization of Amygdala Subregions in Emotion Processing
    (Wiley, 2024-04-09) Labuschagne, Izelle; Dominguez, Juan F; Grace, Sally; Mizzi, Simone; Henry, Julie D; Peters, Craig; Rabinak, Christine A; Sinclair, Erin; Lorenzetti, Valentina; Terrett, Gill; Rendell, Peter G; Pedersen, Mangor; Hocking, Darren R; Heinrichs, Markus
    The amygdala is important for human fear processing. However, recent research has failed to reveal specificity, with evidence that the amygdala also responds to other emotions. A more nuanced understanding of the amygdala's role in emotion processing, particularly relating to fear, is needed given the importance of effective emotional functioning for everyday function and mental health. We studied 86 healthy participants (44 females), aged 18–49 (mean 26.12 ± 6.6) years, who underwent multiband functional magnetic resonance imaging. We specifically examined the reactivity of four amygdala subregions (using regions of interest analysis) and related brain connectivity networks (using generalized psycho‐physiological interaction) to fear, angry, and happy facial stimuli using an emotional face‐matching task. All amygdala subregions responded to all stimuli (p‐FDR < .05), with this reactivity strongly driven by the superficial and centromedial amygdala (p‐FDR < .001). Yet amygdala subregions selectively showed strong functional connectivity with other occipitotemporal and inferior frontal brain regions with particular sensitivity to fear recognition and strongly driven by the basolateral amygdala (p‐FDR < .05). These findings suggest that amygdala specialization to fear may not be reflected in its local activity but in its connectivity with other brain regions within a specific face‐processing network.
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    Parents’ Experiences of Their Child’s Best Interests During a Hospital Stay in Australia
    (SAGE Publications, 2024-04-03) Quaye, Angela Afua; Foster, Mandie; Whitehead, Lisa; Hallström, Inger Kristensson
    Determining the child’s best interests in a hospital setting will ideally involve the combined views of children, parents, and healthcare professionals. However, few studies have explored parents’ experiences of their child’s best interests when they engage with the healthcare system. Therefore, this study aimed to explore parents’ experiences of their child’s best interests during hospitalisation. A descriptive qualitative inductive design using face-to-face parent–child combined interviews, analysed by latent content analysis, was used. Sixteen parents recruited from a tertiary hospital in Western Australia were interviewed. Collaboration, development of trustworthy relationships, and effective communication were essential in shaping parents’ experiences of their child’s best interests during hospitalisation.
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