Evans, AVoss, NBraid, HKubodera, TBolstad, K2025-09-292025-09-292024-12-02New Zealand Journal of Zoology, ISSN: 0301-4223 (Print); 1175-8821 (Online), Informa UK Limited, 52(5), 461-496. doi: 10.1080/03014223.2024.24162070301-42231175-8821http://hdl.handle.net/10292/19878‘Glass’ squids (family Cranchiidae Prosch, 1849) are diverse and widely distributed, but many cranchiid genera are in need of global taxonomic revision. Although two species of Taonius are generally recognised from the Pacific Ocean (T. belone and T. borealis), a recent review of material from this basin has revealed the presence of at least six species, including at least four new to science, described here as T. expolitus, T. notalia, T. robisoni, and T. tanuki. Morphological species identities are supported by several characters, including arm sucker count, and arm and manus sucker dentition. Proposed species delimitations are further supported by differences in mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I). Although a full systematic review of the Cranchiidae is still needed tripling the known diversity of Taonius in the Pacific Ocean and clarifying identities of its locally occurring species represent an important step forward.© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/31 Biological Sciences3103 Ecology3104 Evolutionary Biology0608 ZoologyEcology3109 ZoologyJournal ArticleOpenAccess10.1080/03014223.2024.2416207