Tudor, KeithHaenga-Collins, Maria2026-06-012026-06-012026-05-18OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, ISSN: 2573-4393 (Print); 2573-4393 (Online), LIDSEN Publishing Inc, 011(02), 1-22. doi: 10.21926/obm.icm.26020182573-43932573-4393http://hdl.handle.net/10292/21297<jats:p>Positive mental health frameworks in Aotearoa New Zealand have largely been shaped by Western individualist assumptions and have given limited attention to Indigenous and bicultural understandings of wellbeing. This article examines positive mental health and its promotion in Aotearoa New Zealand, through a bicultural lens grounded in &lt;em&gt;Te Tiriti o Waitangi.&lt;/em&gt; It reports on two cross-cultural mental health searches and discusses several models of health from te Ao Māori (the Māori world). Based on the view that positive mental health (and, indeed, health as a whole) is both constructed and contextual, our understanding of it in Aotearoa New Zealand must reflect the nation’s bicultural foundation and obligations. Māori models of wellbeing are advanced as offering holistic, culturally grounded, relational, and equity-oriented frameworks for understanding positive mental health, challenging Western atomism and individualism while aligning with international calls for inclusive, contextual, and culturally responsive approaches to wellbeing. Drawing on &lt;em&gt;Te Tiriti o Waitangi&lt;/em&gt;, the article proposes a meta‑theoretical framework for positive mental health that is both locally grounded and globally relevant, suggesting that Tiriti-informed approaches may offer valuable insights for culturally responsive mental health thinking in other national and Indigenous contexts.</jats:p>© 2026 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is correctly cited.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/4203 Health Services and Systems4206 Public Health42 Health SciencesMental HealthMental health3 Good Health and Well Being4208 Traditional, complementary and integrative medicinePositive mental healthmental health promotionMāoriTe Tiriti o Waitangi (The Treaty of Waitangi)Journal ArticleOpenAccess10.21926/obm.icm.2602018