Shrestha-Ranjit, JagamayaRanjitkar, Uma DeviWater, TinekeShrestha, SulochanaSharma, ChandrakalaMukhia, SuzannaAdhikari, JamunaAdhikari, TulashiPandey, ArchanaSharma, MunaPandey, ApsaraJoshi, NibaranTuck, Natalie2025-06-302025-06-302023-08-11Journal of Child Health Care, ISSN: 1367-4935 (Print); 1367-4935 (Online), SAGE Publications, 13674935231195133-. doi: 10.1177/136749352311951331367-49351367-4935http://hdl.handle.net/10292/19434Pain is frequently experienced by children in hospital, and international guidelines for appropriate pain assessment and management are available. Optimal management of paediatric pain has important long-term health, psychosocial, and economic benefits. However, evidence indicates that globally there are deficits in nurses' understanding of paediatric pain assessment and management. This study explored knowledge and attitudes regarding paediatric pain assessment and management among nurses at a tertiary children's hospital in Nepal. In this cross-sectional study all 140 nurses at a tertiary children's hospital in Nepal, were invited to complete the validated Paediatric Nurses Knowledge and Attitudes Survey. Findings revealed substantial deficits in nurse's knowledge and erroneous attitudes towards pain assessment and management in children. Test scores ranged from 14% to 56%, with mean scores of 38%, with no nurses achieving a recommended pass score of 80% regarding knowledge and attitudes in paediatric pain management. Consistent with previous research, nurses had insufficient knowledge and attitudes that did not reflect best practice regarding pain assessment and management in children. Education programmes targeting both trainees and registered nurses are essential to enable nurses to deliver evidence-based care and improve outcomes for children and their families.© The Author(s) 2023. Creative Commons License (CC BY 4.0). This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Childeducationinfantlow- and middle-income countriesNepalnursing knowledgepaediatric nursingpain managementpain measurementChildNepaleducationinfantlow- and middle-income countriesnursing knowledgepaediatric nursingpain managementpain measurement4203 Health Services and Systems4205 Nursing42 Health SciencesChronic PainPediatricClinical ResearchPain Research8.1 Organisation and delivery of services7.1 Individual care needs7.3 Management and decision making1110 Nursing1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine1117 Public Health and Health Services3213 Paediatrics4205 NursingJournal ArticleOpenAccess10.1177/13674935231195133