Faculty of Business, Economics and Law (Te Ara Pakihi, Te Ōhanga Me Te Ture)

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The Faculty of Business, Economics and Law - Te Ara Pakihi, Te Ōhanga Me Te Ture is committed to conducting research that matters. Research that matters is both research of high academic quality and impact, and research of relevance and value for business, the professions, government and society. The Faculty of Business, Economics and Law, comprises The Business School - Te Kura Kaipakihi and The Law School - Te Kura Ture.

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Browsing Faculty of Business, Economics and Law (Te Ara Pakihi, Te Ōhanga Me Te Ture) by Subject "14 Economics"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Basic Reading and Mathematics Skills and the Labour Market Outcomes of Young People: Evidence from PISA and Linked Administrative Data
    (Wiley, 2023-08-01) Meehan, Lisa; Pacheco, Gail; Schober, Thomas
    This paper uses Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) data linked to administrative data to track the educational and labour market outcomes of young people. Students with lower skills have lower rates of participation in further education. While low-skilled men out-earn their higher-skilled counterparts when they are very young, their earnings are overtaken by those with higher skills when they are in their early 20s, and they earn around 15 per cent less by the age of 25. The differences among women are substantially larger – women with low skills earn approximately 35 per cent less than their higher-skilled counterparts by age 25.
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    Did Economic Cooperation Encourage Trade in Essential Medical Goods? Empirical Evidence from the Asia-Pacific During COVID-19
    (Wiley, 2024-03-19) Sen, Rahul; Basu Das, Sanchita
    Our paper empirically investigates the role of economic cooperation involving trade in coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related essential medical goods—vaccines and their value chains, personal protective equipment, and diagnostic test kits—across 29 Asia and the Pacific economies. The paper incorporates vaccines and their global value chain products trade for the first time in the empirical literature. We further investigate whether trade facilitation, proxied by membership in regional trade agreements (RTAs), can help mitigate any adverse impact on trade in essential medical goods, applying a structural gravity framework. The results confirm that while trade is critical for Asian economies, its nature differs. Low-income economies are largely dependent on imports, whereas selected middle- and high-income economies are part of two-way trade and engaged in the low end of the vaccine value chain. We find that the onset of the pandemic has hurt exports of these goods. This adverse effect is found to be lowered for economies engaged in RTAs. This emphasizes the role of governments in committing to RTAs and implementing trade facilitation measures.
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    Parents’ Earnings Response to Youth Suicide: Evidence From New Zealand Administrative Records
    (Elsevier BV, ) Mertz, Mikkel; Mitchell, Livvy; Skov, Peer Ebbesen
    The loss of a child is one of the most devastating shocks a parent can experience. We provide the first estimates of the direct effect of youth suicide on parental labour earnings. We use mortality data in the New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure to identify youth who died from intentional self-harm, and birth records to identify affected parents and their wage and salary information. We graph the parental earnings profiles before and after the suicide event, and construct counterfactual earnings profiles for the affected parents, using a comparison group of parents hit by the same shock in the future. Our results show that labour earnings for affected households drop by approximately 6.5% compared to their counterfactual earnings following the child loss, and that the earnings drop persists for at least two years following the suicide.
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    Pricing Guaranteed Annuity Options in a Linear-Rational Wishart Mortality Model
    (Elsevier BV, 2024-01-22) Da Fonseca, José
    This paper proposes a new model, the linear-rational Wishart model, which allows the joint modelling of mortality and interest rate risks. Within this framework, we obtain closed-form solutions for the survival bond and the survival floating rate bond. We also derive a closed-form solution for the guaranteed annuity option, i.e., an option on a sum of survival (floating rate) bonds, which can be computed explicitly up to a one-dimensional numerical integration, independent of the model dimension. Using realistic parameter values, we provide a model implementation for these complex derivatives that illustrates the flexibility and efficiency of the linear-rational Wishart model.
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    Sexual Orientation and Earnings in New Zealand
    (Elsevier, 2023-12-13) Carpenter, Christopher; Dasgupta, Kabir; Plum, Alexander
    We provide the first evidence on sexual orientation and earnings in New Zealand (NZ), one of the most inclusive countries for LGBTQ+ people in the world. We use confidential linked census-tax data to compare outcomes for individuals in same-sex couples versus different-sex couples. We find patterns of earnings differentials in NZ that are strikingly similar to those documented in other developed countries: men in same-sex couples earn about 7 percent less than otherwise similar men in different-sex couples while women in same-sex couples earn about 6 percent more than otherwise similar women in different-sex couples.
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    Sustainable Agricultural Technologies of the Future: Determination of Adoption Readiness for Different Consumer Groups
    (Elsevier BV, 2024-11-01) Schnack, A; Bartsch, F; Osburg, VS; Errmann, A
    The rapid increase in population and unsustainable agricultural practices has significantly damaged the environment. Our study explores how to achieve food security through environmentally friendly methods such as controlled environment agriculture (CEA), genetic editing (GE), and farming automation (FA), with an emphasis on the importance of consumer acceptance of these technologies. Analyzing data from 2138 Australians and 1760 New Zealanders, we employ a two-step clustering method—(1) hierarchical clustering and (2) k-means clustering—to categorize consumers on the basis of their demographic and lifestyle preferences into three segments that capture differences in attitudes toward new agricultural technologies: “Green Urbanites,” “Environmentally Unconcerned,” and “Skeptical Foodie.” Our findings reveal that Green Urbanites are the most open to adopting CEA, GE, and FA, while Skeptical Foodies and Environmentally Unconcerned are more reluctant. We contribute to theory by studying a novel facet of consumer acceptance of sustainable technologies and revealing how consumption, living, and lifestyle patterns motivate new technology acceptance in the agricultural sector. To inform practice, we suggest tailored strategies to increase engagement of the identified segments and promote wider acceptance of sustainable agricultural practices for enhanced food security.
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    The Effect of Late Payment Penalties on the Payment Timing of Owed Taxes
    (Elsevier BV, 2023-06) Skov, Peer Ebbesen
    This paper studies the effectiveness of a policy designed to influence the timing decision for payments of owed taxes. Owed taxes arise when the sum of the foregoing tax year’s preliminary tax payments falls short of the total tax liability. In 2009 the Danish tax authority (SKAT) introduced an annualised penalty rate of 4.6%. Using administrative tax data, I show that the penalty rate introduction led to a 50-day advancement of payments.
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    What Influences Demand for Buy Now, Pay Later Credit?
    (Elsevier BV, 2024-07) Chen, Tao; Marshall, Ben R; Nguyen, Nhut H; Visaltanachoti, Nuttawat
    We investigate the determinants of demand for Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) credit using a comprehensive database from New Zealand. We consider both absolute demand and relative to total personal lending demand. The results indicate that BNPL is more popular with single individuals, younger people, and those on lower incomes. There is a negative relation between absolute and relative BNPL demand and interest rates. BNPL demand was reduced during the period around responsible lending legislation changes, even though these were not specifically related to BNPL, while demand increased following the end of COVID-19 lockdowns.
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