Open Research
Permanent link for this community
About
Tuwhera Open Access Research Outputs provides free access to full texts of scholarly works from AUT's Schools, Research Institutes and Centres.
AUT's research is built on a foundation of innovation and excellence, with the aim that its discoveries and applications are shared in ways that enhance wellbeing and prosperity.
Adding your outputs
AUT staff research outputs are added to this collection via Research Elements. All items submitted to this collection are checked to ensure material does not breach publisher copyright and is suitable for archiving prior to being made open access.
Find out more about making your work open access
For help with Research Elements contact the Research and Innovation Office.
Browse
Browsing Open Research by Author "Abate, KH"
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- ItemThe burden of cardiovascular diseases among US states, 1990-2016(American Medical Association, 2018) Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Collaboration; Roth, GA; Johnson, CO; Abate, KH; Abd-Allah, F; Ahmed, M; Alam, K; Alam, T; Alvis-Guzman, N; Ansari, H; Ärnlöv, J; Atey, TM; Awasthi, A; Awoke, T; Barac, A; Bärnighausen, T; Bedi, N; Bennett, D; Bensenor, I; Biadgilign, S; Castañeda-Orjuela, C; Catalá-López, F; Davletov, K; Dharmaratne, S; Ding, EL; Dubey, M; Faraon, EJA; Farid, T; Farvid, MS; Feigin, V; Fernandes, J; Frostad, J; Gebru, A; Geleijnse, JM; Gona, PN; Griswold, M; Hailu, GB; Hankey, GJ; Hassen, HY; Havmoeller, R; Hay, S; Heckbert, SR; Irvine, CMS; James, SL; Jara, D; Kasaeian, A; Khan, AR; Khera, S; Khoja, AT; Khubchandani, J; Kim, D; Kolte, D; Lal, D; Larsson, A; Linn, S; Lotufo, PA; Magdy Abd El Razek, H; Mazidi, M; Meier, T; Mendoza, W; Mensah, GA; Meretoja, A; Mezgebe, HB; Mirrakhimov, E; Mohammed, S; Moran, AE; Nguyen, G; Nguyen, M; Ong, KL; Owolabi, M; Pletcher, M; Pourmalek, F; Purcell, CA; Qorbani, M; Rahman, M; Rai, RK; Ram, U; Reitsma, MB; Renzaho, AMN; Rios-Blancas, MJ; Safiri, S; Salomon, JA; Sartorius, B; Sepanlou, SG; Shaikh, MA; Silva, D; Stranges, S; Tabarés-Seisdedos, R; Tadele Atnafu, N; Thakur, JS; Topor-Madry, R; Truelsen, T; Tuzcu, EM; Tyrovolas, S; Ukwaja, KN; Vasankari, T; Vlassov, V; Vollset, SE; Wakayo, T; Weintraub, R; Wolfe, C; Workicho, A; Xu, G; Yadgir, S; Yano, Y; Yip, P; Yonemoto, N; Younis, M; Yu, C; Zaidi, Z; Zaki, MES; Zipkin, B; Afshin, A; Gakidou, E; Lim, SS; Mokdad, AH; Naghavi, M; Vos, T; Murray, CJLImportance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, but regional variation within the United States is large. Comparable and consistent state-level measures of total CVD burden and risk factors have not been produced previously. Objective: To quantify and describe levels and trends of lost health due to CVD within the United States from 1990 to 2016 as well as risk factors driving these changes. Design, Setting, and Participants: Using the Global Burden of Disease methodology, cardiovascular disease mortality, nonfatal health outcomes, and associated risk factors were analyzed by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2016 for all residents in the United States using standardized approaches for data processing and statistical modeling. Burden of disease was estimated for 10 groupings of CVD, and comparative risk analysis was performed. Data were analyzed from August 2016 to July 2017. Exposures: Residing in the United States. Main Outcomes and Measures: Cardiovascular disease disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results: Between 1990 and 2016, age-standardized CVD DALYs for all states decreased. Several states had large rises in their relative rank ordering for total CVD DALYs among states, including Arkansas, Oklahoma, Alabama, Kentucky, Missouri, Indiana, Kansas, Alaska, and Iowa. The rate of decline varied widely across states, and CVD burden increased for a small number of states in the most recent years. Cardiovascular disease DALYs remained twice as large among men compared with women. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of CVD DALYs in all states, but the second most common varied by state. Trends were driven by 12 groups of risk factors, with the largest attributable CVD burden due to dietary risk exposures followed by high systolic blood pressure, high body mass index, high total cholesterol level, high fasting plasma glucose level, tobacco smoking, and low levels of physical activity. Increases in risk-deleted CVD DALY rates between 2006 and 2016 in 16 states suggest additional unmeasured risks beyond these traditional factors. Conclusions and Relevance: Large disparities in total burden of CVD persist between US states despite marked improvements in CVD burden. Differences in CVD burden are largely attributable to modifiable risk exposures.
- ItemGlobal, Regional, and Country-specific Lifetime Risks of Stroke, 1990 and 2016(Massachusetts Medical Society, 2018) GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators; Feigin, VL; Nguyen, G; Cercy, K; Johnson, CO; Alam, T; Parmar, PG; Abajobir, AA; Abate, KH; Abd-Allah, F; Abejie, AN; Abyu, GY; Ademi, Z; Agarwal, G; Ahmed, MB; Akinyemi, RO; Al-Raddadi, R; Aminde, LN; Amlie-Lefond, C; Ansari, H; Asayesh, H; Asgedom, SW; Atey, TM; Ayele, HT; Banach, M; Banerjee, A; Barac, A; Barker-Collo, SL; Bärnighausen, T; Barregard, L; Basu, S; Bedi, N; Behzadifar, M; Béjot, Y; Bennett, DA; Bensenor, IM; Berhe, DF; Boneya, DJ; Brainin, M; Campos-Nonato, IR; Caso, V; Castañeda-Orjuela, CA; Rivas, JC; Catalá-López, F; Christensen, H; Criqui, MH; Damasceno, A; Dandona, L; Dandona, R; Davletov, K; de Courten, B; deVeber, G; Dokova, K; Edessa, D; Endres, M; Faraon, EJA; Farvid, MS; Fischer, F; Foreman, K; Forouzanfar, MH; Gall, SL; Gebrehiwot, TT; Geleijnse, JM; Gillum, RF; Giroud, M; Goulart, AC; Gupta, R; Gupta, R; Hachinski, V; Hamadeh, RR; Hankey, GJ; Hareri, HA; Havmoeller, R; Hay, SI; Hegazy, MI; Hibstu, DT; James, SL; Jeemon, P; John, D; Jonas, JB; Jóźwiak, J; Kalani, R; Kandel, A; Kasaeian, A; Kengne, AP; Khader, YS; Khan, AR; Khang, Y-H; Khubchandani, J; Kim, D; Kim, YJ; Kivimaki, M; Kokubo, Y; Kolte, D; Kopec, JA; Kosen, S; Kravchenko, M; Krishnamurthi, R; Kumar, GA; Lafranconi, A; Lavados, PM; Legesse, Y; Li, Y; Liang, X; Lo, WD; Lorkowski, S; Lotufo, PA; Loy, CT; Mackay, MT; Abd El Razek, HM; Mahdavi, M; Majeed, A; Malekzadeh, R; Malta, DC; Mamun, AA; Mantovani, LG; Martins, SCO; Mate, KK; Mazidi, M; Mehata, S; Meier, T; Melaku, YA; Mendoza, W; Mensah, GA; Meretoja, A; Mezgebe, HB; Miazgowski, T; Miller, TR; Ibrahim, NM; Mohammed, S; Mokdad, AH; Moosazadeh, M; Moran, AE; Musa, KI; Negoi, RI; Nguyen, M; Nguyen, QL; Nguyen, TH; Tran, TT; Nguyen, TT; Anggraini Ningrum, DN; Norrving, B; Noubiap, JJ; O’Donnell, MJ; Olagunju, AT; Onuma, OK; Owolabi, MO; Parsaeian, M; Patton, GC; Piradov, M; Pletcher, MA; Pourmalek, F; Prakash, V; Qorbani, M; Rahman, M; Rahman, MA; Rai, RK; Ranta, A; Rawaf, D; Rawaf, S; Renzaho, AMN; Robinson, SR; Sahathevan, R; Sahebkar, A; Salomon, JA; Santalucia, P; Santos, IS; Sartorius, B; Schutte, AE; Sepanlou, SG; Shafieesabet, A; Shaikh, MA; Shamsizadeh, M; Sheth, KN; Sisay, M; Shin, M-J; Shiue, I; Silva, DAS; Sobngwi, E; Soljak, M; Sorensen, RJD; Sposato, LA; Stranges, S; Suliankatchi, RA; Tabarés-Seisdedos, R; Tanne, D; Nguyen, CT; Thakur, JS; Thrift, AG; Tirschwell, DL; Topor-Madry, R; Tran, BX; Nguyen, LT; Truelsen, T; Tsilimparis, N; Tyrovolas, S; Ukwaja, KN; Uthman, OA; Varakin, Y; Vasankari, T; Venketasubramanian, N; Vlassov, VV; Wang, W; Werdecker, A; Wolfe, CDA; Xu, G; Yano, Y; Yonemoto, N; Yu, C; Zaidi, Z; El Sayed Zaki, M; Zhou, M; Ziaeian, B; Zipkin, B; Vos, T; Naghavi, M; Murray, CJL; Roth, GABACKGROUND: The lifetime risk of stroke has been calculated in a limited number of selected populations. We sought to estimate the lifetime risk of stroke at the regional, country, and global level using data from a comprehensive study of the prevalence of major diseases. METHODS: We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016 estimates of stroke incidence and the competing risks of death from any cause other than stroke to calculate the cumulative lifetime risks of first stroke, ischemic stroke, or hemorrhagic stroke among adults 25 years of age or older. Estimates of the lifetime risks in the years 1990 and 2016 were compared. Countries were categorized into quintiles of the sociodemographic index (SDI) used in the GBD Study, and the risks were compared across quintiles. Comparisons were made with the use of point estimates and uncertainty intervals representing the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles around the estimate. RESULTS: The estimated global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was 24.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.5 to 26.2); the risk among men was 24.7% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.3 to 26.0), and the risk among women was 25.1% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.7 to 26.5). The risk of ischemic stroke was 18.3%, and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke was 8.2%. In high-SDI, high-middle-SDI, and low-SDI countries, the estimated lifetime risk of stroke was 23.5%, 31.1% (highest risk), and 13.2% (lowest risk), respectively; the 95% uncertainty intervals did not overlap between these categories. The highest estimated lifetime risks of stroke according to GBD region were in East Asia (38.8%), Central Europe (31.7%), and Eastern Europe (31.6%), and the lowest risk was in eastern sub-Saharan Africa (11.8%). The mean global lifetime risk of stroke increased from 22.8% in 1990 to 24.9% in 2016, a relative increase of 8.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 6.2 to 11.5); the competing risk of death from any cause other than stroke was considered in this calculation. CONCLUSIONS: In 2016, the global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was approximately 25% among both men and women. There was geographic variation in the lifetime risk of stroke, with the highest risks in East Asia, Central Europe, and Eastern Europe. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.).
- ItemGlobal, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases for 10 Causes, 1990 to 2015(Elsevier, 2017) Roth, GA; Johnson, C; Abajobir, A; Abd-Allah, F; Abera, SF; Abyu, G; Ahmed, M; Aksut, B; Alam, T; Alam, K; Alla, F; Alvis-Guzman, N; Amrock, S; Ansari, H; Ärnlöv, J; Asayesh, H; Atey, TM; Avila-Burgos, L; Awasthi, A; Banerjee, A; Barac, A; Bärnighausen, T; Barregard, L; Bedi, N; Belay Ketema, E; Bennett, D; Berhe, G; Bhutta, Z; Bitew, S; Carapetis, J; Carrero, JJ; Malta, DC; Castañeda-Orjuela, CA; Castillo-Rivas, J; Catalá-López, F; Choi, JY; Christensen, H; Cirillo, M; Cooper, L; Criqui, M; Cundiff, D; Damasceno, A; Dandona, L; Dandona, R; Davletov, K; Dharmaratne, S; Dorairaj, P; Dubey, M; Ehrenkranz, R; El Sayed Zaki, M; Faraon, EJA; Esteghamati, A; Farid, T; Farvid, M; Feigin, V; Ding, EL; Fowkes, G; Gebrehiwot, T; Gillum, R; Gold, A; Gona, P; Gupta, R; Habtewold, TD; Hafezi-Nejad, N; Hailu, T; Hailu, GB; Hankey, G; Hassen, HY; Abate, KH; Havmoeller, R; Hay, SI; Horino, M; Hotez, PJ; Jacobsen, K; James, S; Javanbakht, M; Jeemon, P; John, D; Jonas, J; Kalkonde, Y; Karimkhani, C; Kasaeian, A; Khader, Y; Khan, A; Khang, YH; Khera, S; Khoja, AT; Khubchandani, J; Kim, D; Kolte, D; Kosen, S; Krohn, KJ; Kumar, GA; Kwan, G; Lal, DK; Larsson, A; Linn, SBackground: The burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains unclear in many regions of the world. Objectives: The GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2015 study integrated data on disease incidence, prevalence, and mortality to produce consistent, up-to-date estimates for cardiovascular burden. Methods: CVD mortality was estimated from vital registration and verbal autopsy data. CVD prevalence was estimated using modeling software and data from health surveys, prospective cohorts, health system administrative data, and registries. Years lived with disability (YLD) were estimated by multiplying prevalence by disability weights. Years of life lost (YLL) were estimated by multiplying age-specific CVD deaths by a reference life expectancy. A sociodemographic index (SDI) was created for each location based on income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility. Results: In 2015, there were an estimated 422.7 million cases of CVD (95% uncertainty interval: 415.53 to 427.87 million cases) and 17.92 million CVD deaths (95% uncertainty interval: 17.59 to 18.28 million CVD deaths). Declines in the age-standardized CVD death rate occurred between 1990 and 2015 in all high-income and some middle-income countries. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of CVD health lost globally, as well as in each world region, followed by stroke. As SDI increased beyond 0.25, the highest CVD mortality shifted from women to men. CVD mortality decreased sharply for both sexes in countries with an SDI >0.75. Conclusions: CVDs remain a major cause of health loss for all regions of the world. Sociodemographic change over the past 25 years has been associated with dramatic declines in CVD in regions with very high SDI, but only a gradual decrease or no change in most regions. Future updates of the GBD study can be used to guide policymakers who are focused on reducing the overall burden of noncommunicable disease and achieving specific global health targets for CVD.
- ItemGlobal, Regional, and National Burden of Neurological Disorders During 1990-2015: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015(Elsevier, 2017) Feigin, VL; Abajobir, AA; Abate, KH; Abd-Allah, F; Abdulle, AM; Abera, SF; Abyu, GY; Ahmed, MB; Aichour, AN; Aichour, I; Aichour, MTE; Akinyemi, RO; Alabed, S; Al-Raddadi, R; Alvis-Guzman, N; Amare, AT; Ansari, H; Anwari, P; Arnlov, J; Asayesh, H; Asgedom, SW; Atey, TM; Avila-Burgos, L; Avokpaho, EFGA; Azarpazhooh, MR; Barac, A; Barboza, M; Barker-Collo, SL; Baernighausen, T; Bedi, N; Beghi, E; Bennett, DA; Bensenor, IM; Berhane, A; Betsu, BD; Bhaumik, S; Birlik, SM; Biryukov, S; Boneya, DJ; Bulto, LN; Carabin, H; Casey, D; Castaneda-Orjuela, CA; Catala-Lopez, F; Chen, H; Chitheer, AA; Chowdhury, R; Christensen, H; Dandona, L; Dandona, R; deVeber, GA; Dharmaratne, SD; Do, HP; Dokova, K; Dorsey, ER; Ellenbogen, RG; Eskandarieh, S; Farvid, MS; Fereshtehnejad, S-M; Fischer, F; Foreman, KJ; Geleijnse, JM; Gillum, RF; Giussani, G; Goldberg, EM; Gona, PN; Goulart, AC; Gugnani, HC; Gupta, R; Gupta, R; Hachinski, V; Hamadeh, RR; Hambisa, M; Hankey, GJ; Hareri, HA; Havmoeller, R; Hay, SI; Heydarpour, P; Hotez, PJ; Jakovljevic, MMB; Javanbakht, M; Jeemon, P; Jonas, JB; Kalkonde, Y; Kandel, A; Karch, A; Kasaeian, A; Kastor, A; Keiyoro, PN; Khader, YS; Khalil, IA; Khan, EA; Khang, Y-H; Khoja, AT; Khubchandani, J; Kulkarni, C; Kim, D; Kim, YJ; Kivimaki, M; Kokubo, Y; Kosen, S; Kravchenko, M; Krishnamurthi, RV; Defo, BK; Kumar, GA; Kumar, R; Kyu, HH; Larsson, A; Lavados, PM; Li, Y; Liang, X; Liben, ML; Lo, WD; Logroscino, G; Lotufo, PA; Loy, CT; Mackay, MT; Abd El Razek, HM; Abd El Razek, MM; Majeed, A; Malekzadeh, R; Manhertz, T; Mantovani, LG; Massano, J; Mazidi, M; McAlinden, C; Mehata, S; Mehndiratta, MM; Memish, ZA; Mendoza, W; Mengistie, MA; Mensah, GA; Meretoja, A; Mezgebe, HB; Miller, TR; Mishra, SR; Ibrahim, NM; Mohammadi, A; Mohammed, KE; Mohammed, S; Mokdad, AH; Moradi-Lakeh, M; Velasquez, IM; Musa, KI; Naghavi, M; Ngunjiri, JW; Nguyen, CT; Nguyen, G; Nguyen, QL; Nguyen, TH; Nichols, E; Ningrum, DN; Nong, VM; Norrving, B; Noubiap, JJN; Ogbo, FA; Owolabi, MO; Pandian, JD; Parmar, PG; Pereira, DM; Petzold, M; Phillips, MR; Piradov, MA; Poulton, RG; Pourmalek, F; Qorbani, M; Rafay, A; Rahman, M; Rahman, MH; Rai, RK; Rajsic, S; Ranta, A; Rawaf, S; Renzaho, AMN; Rezai, MS; Roth, GA; Roshandel, G; Rubagotti, E; Sachdev, P; Safiri, S; Sahathevan, R; Sahraian, MA; Samy, AM; Santalucia, P; Santos, IS; Sartorius, B; Satpathy, M; Sawhney, M; Saylan, MI; Sepanlou, SG; Shaikh, MA; Shakir, R; Shamsizadeh, M; Sheth, KN; Shigematsu, M; Shoman, H; Silva, DA; Smith, M; Sobngwi, E; Sposato, LA; Stanaway, JD; Stein, DJ; Steiner, TJ; Stovner, LJ; Abdulkader, RS; Szoeke, CEI; Tabares-Seisdedos, R; Tanne, D; Theadom, AM; Thrift, AG; Tirschwell, DL; Topor-Madry, R; Tran, BX; Truelsen, T; Tuem, KB; Ukwaja, KN; Uthman, OA; Varakin, YY; Vasankari, T; Venketasubramanian, N; Vlassov, VV; Wadilo, F; Wakayo, T; Wallin, MT; Weiderpass, E; Westerman, R; Wijeratne, T; Wiysonge, CS; Woldu, MA; Wolfe, CDA; Xavier, D; Xu, G; Yano, Y; Yimam, HH; Yonemoto, N; Yu, C; Zaidi, Z; Zaki, MES; Zunt, JR; Murray, CJL; Vos, T; Disorders, GBDNBackground Comparable data on the global and country-specific burden of neurological disorders and their trends are crucial for health-care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study provides such information but does not routinely aggregate results that are of interest to clinicians specialising in neurological conditions. In this systematic analysis, we quantified the global disease burden due to neurological disorders in 2015 and its relationship with country development level. Methods We estimated global and country-specific prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) for various neurological disorders that in the GBD classification have been previously spread across multiple disease groupings. The more inclusive grouping of neurological disorders included stroke, meningitis, encephalitis, tetanus, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, migraine, tension-type headache, medication overuse headache, brain and nervous system cancers, and a residual category of other neurological disorders. We also analysed results based on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a compound measure of income per capita, education, and fertility, to identify patterns associated with development and how countries fare against expected outcomes relative to their level of development. Findings Neurological disorders ranked as the leading cause group of DALYs in 2015 (250·7 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 229·1 to 274·7] million, comprising 10·2% of global DALYs) and the second-leading cause group of deaths (9·4 [9·1 to 9·7] million], comprising 16·8% of global deaths). The most prevalent neurological disorders were tension-type headache (1505·9 [UI 1337·3 to 1681·6 million cases]), migraine (958·8 [872·1 to 1055·6] million), medication overuse headache (58·5 [50·8 to 67·4 million]), and Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (46·0 [40·2 to 52·7 million]). Between 1990 and 2015, the number of deaths from neurological disorders increased by 36·7%, and the number of DALYs by 7·4%. These increases occurred despite decreases in age-standardised rates of death and DALYs of 26·1% and 29·7%, respectively; stroke and communicable neurological disorders were responsible for most of these decreases. Communicable neurological disorders were the largest cause of DALYs in countries with low SDI. Stroke rates were highest at middle levels of SDI and lowest at the highest SDI. Most of the changes in DALY rates of neurological disorders with development were driven by changes in YLLs. Interpretation Neurological disorders are an important cause of disability and death worldwide. Globally, the burden of neurological disorders has increased substantially over the past 25 years because of expanding population numbers and ageing, despite substantial decreases in mortality rates from stroke and communicable neurological disorders. The number of patients who will need care by clinicians with expertise in neurological conditions will continue to grow in coming decades. Policy makers and health-care providers should be aware of these trends to provide adequate services.