Neighbourhood built environment associations with body size in adults: mediating effects of activity and sedentariness in a cross-sectional study of New Zealand adults

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aut.researcherOliver, Melody
dc.contributor.authorOliver, Men_NZ
dc.contributor.authorWitten, Ken_NZ
dc.contributor.authorBlakely, Ten_NZ
dc.contributor.authorParker, Ken_NZ
dc.contributor.authorBadland, Hen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorSchofield, Gen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorIvory, Ven_NZ
dc.contributor.authorPearce, Jen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorMavoa, Sen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorHinckson, Een_NZ
dc.contributor.authorSweetsur, Pen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorKearns, Ren_NZ
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-10T04:03:50Z
dc.date.available2016-08-10T04:03:50Z
dc.date.copyright2015en_NZ
dc.date.issued2015en_NZ
dc.description.abstractBackground: The aim of this study was to determine the associations between body size and built environment walkability variables, as well as the mediating role of physical activity and sedentary behaviours with body size. Methods: Objective environment, body size (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)), and sedentary time and physical activity data were collected from a random selection of 2033 adults aged 20-65 years living in 48 neighbourhoods across four New Zealand cities. Multilevel regression models were calculated for each comparison between body size outcome and built environment exposure. Results and Discussion: Street connectivity and neighborhood destination accessibility were significant predictors of body size (1 SDchange predicted a 1.27 to 1.41 % reduction in BMI and a 1.76 to 2.29 % reduction in WC). Significantrelationships were also observed for streetscape (1 SD change predicted a 1.33 % reduction in BMI) anddwelling density (1 SD change predicted a 1.97 % reduction in BMI). Mediation analyses revealed asignificant mediating effect of physical activity on the relationships between body size and street connectivity and neighbourhood destination accessibility (explaining between 10.4 and 14.6 % of the total effect). No significant mediating effect of sedentary behaviour was found. Findings from this cross-sectional study of a random selection of New Zealand adults are consistent with international research. Findings are limited to individual environment features only; conclusions cannot be drawn about the cumulative and combined effect of individual features on outcomes. Conclusions: Built environment features were associated with body size in the expected directions. Objectively-assessed physical activity mediated observed built environment-body size relationships.en_NZ
dc.identifier.citationBMC Public Health, 2015. 15:956 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2292-2en_NZ
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12889-015-2292-2en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn1471-2458en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/9985
dc.languageengen_NZ
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltd.en_NZ
dc.relation.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2292-2
dc.rightsThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.subjectBody mass indexen_NZ
dc.subjectEpidemiologyen_NZ
dc.subjectGeographic information systemsen_NZ
dc.subjectNew Zealanden_NZ
dc.subjectObesityen_NZ
dc.subjectPhysical activityen_NZ
dc.subjectUrban designen_NZ
dc.subjectWalkabilityen_NZ
dc.titleNeighbourhood built environment associations with body size in adults: mediating effects of activity and sedentariness in a cross-sectional study of New Zealand adultsen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id191984
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science
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