Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study

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aut.relation.journalJournal of the American College of Cardiologyen_NZ
aut.researcherFeigin, Valery
dc.contributor.authorRoth, GAen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorMensah, GAen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorJohnson, COen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorAddolorato, Gen_NZ
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dc.contributor.authorBenziger, CPen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorBonny, Aen_NZ
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dc.contributor.authorBrodmann, Men_NZ
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dc.contributor.authorFeigin, VLen_NZ
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dc.contributor.authorZhang, Z-Jen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Yen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Wen_NZ
dc.contributor.authorZhong, Cen_NZ
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dc.date.accessioned2020-12-14T23:07:03Z
dc.date.available2020-12-14T23:07:03Z
dc.date.copyright2020en_NZ
dc.date.issued2020en_NZ
dc.description.abstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases.
dc.identifier.citationJournal of the American College of Cardiology, Volume 76, Issue 25, 22 December 2020, Pages 2982-3021
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010en_NZ
dc.identifier.issn0735-1097en_NZ
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10292/13877
dc.languageenen_NZ
dc.publisherElsevier BVen_NZ
dc.relation.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109720377755?via%3Dihub
dc.rights© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Under a Creative Commons license.
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccessen_NZ
dc.subjectCardiovascular diseases; Global health; Health policy; Population health
dc.titleGlobal Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Studyen_NZ
dc.typeJournal Article
pubs.elements-id396098
pubs.organisational-data/AUT
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/Health & Environmental Science/Public Health & Psych Studies
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences
pubs.organisational-data/AUT/PBRF/PBRF Health and Environmental Sciences/HY Public Health & Psychosocial Studies 2018 PBRF
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